Abstract

JIMENEZ BERMUDEZ, Juan Pablo; CARBALLO SOLIS, Katiana Dialá  and  CHACON JIMENEZ, Nancy Katalina. Management of the urinary tract infections. Rev. costarric. salud pública [online]. 2017, vol.26, n.1, pp.1-10. ISSN 1409-1429.

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are a common cause to visit an emergency service or general medicine, this disease is more frequently in women and it does not difference between economical status. Certain conditions such as pregnancy, immunosuppression, being male, and/or malformations in the urinary tract can lead to many complications that require an urgent an accurate management.

Is well known that there are several pathogens who can produce this disease, the most commons in order of appearance are Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella neumoniae. For an accurate management, as in all the diseases, is well know the importance of a good clinical history, a truthful physical examination, but the physician can also use many other tools such as the urine culture, which is indeed the gold standard for the diagnosis.

In the pharmacological field the use of antibiotics is reserved only to certain cases. There are some drugs like the Trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, year ago the first step to treat an UTI, that have lost their effectiveness due the rise in bacterial resistance; on the other side drugs such as nitrofurantoin are still useful, and other drugs like the fosfomycin, beta-lactams and some fluoroquinolones are able to handle some cystitis. Finally, specifics conditions such as the pyelonephritis require the use of fluoroquinolonas due the complexity of the condition. This article pretends in a short and precisely way to update the physicians in the management, diagnosis and treatment of the UTI, having as a goal guarantee the evolution of their patients.

Keywords : Infection; cystitis; physiopathology; dysuria.

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