Introduction:

Dental fluorosis is a hypomineralization of the enamel produced due to fluoride intake for a prolonged time during enamel formation. It is an irreversible alteration, which is clinically characterized by the presence of thin whitish lines distributed in the dental enamel corresponding to the disposition of the perikymata.

In more advanced degrees of the disease, changes are observed in the entire enamel surface, which acquires an opaque appearance, like limestone. In the most severe levels of dental fluorosis, the presence of hypomineralization and increased porosity of the dental enamel leads to the loss of essential portions of its structure, producing fractures, thus deteriorating the appearance and functionality of the affected teeth. (1) The WHO recommends that the reference value for fluoride in drinking water is 1.5 mg/l. (2) Fluoride is a halogen gas, the most electronegative of the periodic table elements, with atomic number 19. It practically does not exist free in nature but is associated with other elements such as calcium and sodium.

The primary way of incorporating fluorine into the human organism is through the digestive system. It is rapidly absorbed in the mucosa of the small intestine and stomach by a simple phenomenon of diffusion.

Once absorbed, fluoride passes into the blood and is distributed in the tissues, preferentially deposited in hard tissues; it is eliminated by all excretion routes, mainly by the urine.

The amount of fluoride in the body is variable and depends on ingestion, inhalation, absorption, elimination, and the characteristics of the compounds.

It is generally concentrated in bones, cartilage, teeth, and bacterial plaque.

Fluoride deposition varies with age and excretion. In children, 50% is fixed in bones and teeth information; it is basically deposited in bones in adults. (3) There are various methods for its elimination. In this research, 18 procedures were performed on patients of both sexes. The methodology was divided into two groups of 8 persons each, in which Antivet was used in the first group and 18% hydrochloric acid in the second group. The cases were randomly selected, and subsequently, the clinical changes were observed in each group.

In the first group of people who used Antivet, it was shown that in severe cases of fluorosis, it was not such an effective method since it does not completely eliminate the brown stains.

However, it is a very effective method for clinical use when the degrees of fluorosis are lower.

In the second group of people who used 18% hydrochloric acid, the effectiveness of the treatment was demonstrated in advanced degrees of fluorosis, where the enamel is more than 50% damaged, making it an excellent method of treatment with due control in its manipulation.

Objective:

To differentiate the types of materials and to know the different methods for fluoride elimination as well as to show the difference between treatments.

Methodology:

The type of study is explanatory, and it is expected to contribute to the development of scientific knowledge.

It was carried out to contribute to the development of scientific knowledge.

It consisted of selecting 16 patients of both sexes and of different ages between 15 and 40 years old. They were randomly divided into two groups of 8 persons, each to be treated with two different products. The first group was treated with 18% hydrochloric acid, and the second group with the comercial brand Antivet.

Result and conclusion:

Dental fluorosis is caused by excessive fluoride intake. Hydrochloric acid is corrosive, its aroma is penetrating, and the care with the patient is greater since a wrong use when in contact with skin or mucosa will create necrosis.

Antivet has disadvantages of cost and availability, but its advantage is that it provides more safety in its handling.