Abstract

JIMENEZ MONTERO, José G; VARGAS PICADO, Marco A; ROJAS, Graciela  and  MORA MORALES, Eric. Impacto de una evaluación e intervención nutricional estricta en diabéticos tipo 2 sobre la glucemia y el perfil lipídico. Rev. costarric. cardiol [online]. 2001, vol.3, n.3, pp.6-11. ISSN 1409-4142.

In order to study changes in lipid metabolism of type 2 diabetic patients and as to measure the impact of glycemic control on lipid profile, 34 diabetic patients were selected and taken through a basal clinical evaluation. Twenty patients were revaluated six months after nutritional intervention took place. Initially glycemia was 138.0 +/- 43.7 in men and 136.7 +/- 45.2 mg/dl in women (X +/- DS). In men, triglyceride levels were 357.9 +/- 626.9, LDL cholesterol was 119.0 +/- 31.2, and HDL cholesterol was 34.0 +/- 10.8 mg/dl. In women, triglyceride levels were 188.3 +/- 31.0, LDL cholesterol 139.4 +/- 46.0, and HDL cholesterol 44.5 +/- 7.9 mg/dl. Introducing a nutritional process, reduced the consumption of saturated fat from 22.9 +/- 13.5 to 12.1 +/- 5.5% (p < 0.03) and consumption of monoinsaturated fat was also reduced from 24.0 13.9 to 13.6 6.4% (p < 0.04).Patients also lost 2 kilograms, and fasting glycemia was reduced from 148.8 +/- 43.5 to 125.2 +/- 21.9 mg/dl (p < 0.06). Post-prandial glycemia and the glycosilic hemoglobin were significantly reduced, the lipid profile was not significantly reduced, maintaining LDL cholesterol levels above 130 mg/dl in most patients. To conclude, nutritional intervention improves glycemic control in type 2 diabetics but it does not produce significant changes in the lipid profile.

Keywords : nutritional intervention; type 2 diabetes; lipid profile.