Abstract

ARAYA-VILLALOBOS, Rodolfo; CHAVES-BARRANTES, Néstor Felipe; CHAVES HERNANDEZ-FONSECA, Juan Carlos  and  CORDERO-MORALES, Carlos. ''UCR 55'' Black-seededmesoamericancommonbean cultivar. Agron. Costarricense [online]. 2022, vol.46, n.1, pp.77-94. ISSN 0377-9424.  http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rac.v46i1.49870.

Introduction. Phosphorus (P) deficiency is considered one of the majo rconstraints for common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production, in particular across the tropics. Identification and use of tolerant cultivars are essential for reducing production costs and farmers' dependence on fertilizers toover come phosphorus deficiencies. Objective.To describe the process of development and the agronomic characteristics of cultivar UCR 55. Materials and methods. This cultivar was developed from the NAB 44 // ROS 24 / G 13689 crossmade at Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical in Colombia. It was evaluated from 1993 to 2000, bythe Universidad de Costa Rica and the Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería. Thea gronomic performance and thetraitsof UCR 55 were determined through 6 nurseries, 21 trials, 7 validation plots and 5 commercial plots, carried out at 15 locations in Costa Rica. Results. UCR 55 is a dullblack-seeded cultivar, with a mean 100-seed weightof 19.4 g. Under experimental conditions in andisolsoil, ityielded more than 1200 kg.ha-1withoutphosphorusaddition. The yield of UCR 55 in the validation phase was 1336 comparedto 1000 kg.ha-1forthecommercialcheckGuaymí. In addition, this cultivar yielded up to 2345 kg.ha-1 in volcanic soils during validation. UCR 55 has anerectarchitecture (type II), resistance (value ≤3) to Colletotrichumlindemuthianum and intermédiate resistance (value ≤6) to Pseudocercosporagriseola and Thanatephoruscucumeris. Conclusions. The adaptation to low P soils (<10 ppm) and its resistance to C. lindemuthianum, UCR 55 is a cultivar suitable for common bea nproduction in areas over 1000 masl in Costa Rica.

Keywords : Andisol; anthracnose; lowfertility; Phaseolusvulgaris L..

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