Abstract

BONILLA-MORALES, Nevio. Stability analysis of experimental maize hybrids with high quality protein in Costa Rica. Agron. Mesoam [online]. 2012, vol.23, n.2, pp.289-299. ISSN 2215-3608.

The  objective of this work was determine the adaptation  of experimental maize hybrids in Costa Rica. Twenty four white grain experimental hybrids were evaluated in agroecological conditions of humid tropical forest  during 2009-2011, at Concepción, Guagaral, Chánguena, El Águila, Veracruz, Los Chiles and Upala with temperatures  between  26  and  35°C  and  rainfall  between 2700-3200 mm, in order to evaluate its performance,  yield and adaptation to major abiotic and biotic conditions. Trials were established in twelve  locations using an alpha lattice design with three  replications. The hybrids were evaluated in  two  planting  cycles  per  location  per  year. The  results of the combined analysis indicated significant  differences between genotypes at 0.05, and AMMI-biplot graphs showed that  the  more  stable   materials were: CLQRCWQ121/ CLQRCWQ122)//CML491 (QPM);    CML494/CML495 (Normal);    (CLQRCWQ121/CLQRCWQ26)//CML491 (QPM);  (CLQRCWQ121/CML502)//CML491 (QPM) with average yields of 9.3, 9.0, 8.7 and 8.8 t/ha,  respectively. The locations where yield was higher  were Guagaral and El Águila with 9.8 and 8.5  t/ha,  respectively. As for the interaction of locations and genotypes, AMMI-biplots showed that locations Guagaral and El Águila offered more favorable growing conditions for the expression of the potential of the hybrids  evaluated.  Meanwhile,  Veracruz  and  Concepción had less favorable growing conditions  for  the performance of the materials. AMMI analysis showed that PCA1 explains significantly genotype x environment interaction with a value of 62.1% in the test Gollob.

Keywords : genotypes; AMMI; QPM; Biplot; principal components.

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