<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-3705</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Infraestructura Vial]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Infraestructura Vial]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-3705</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica, Laboratorio Nacional de Materiales y Modelos Estructurales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-37052016000200039</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Determinación de rutas con potencial de mejora utilizando funciones de desempeño de seguridad vial: caso de Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Identifying dangerous routes through safety performance functions: case of Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agüero-Valverde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jonathan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UCR Lanamme ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>CR</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>32</numero>
<fpage>39</fpage>
<lpage>52</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-37052016000200039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-37052016000200039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-37052016000200039&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[ResumenPara lograr una disminución en la frecuencia y gravedad de los accidentes de tránsito es fundamental la identificación de sitios de concentración de choques. Para tal efecto es necesario contar con datos detallados de choques y un inventario de la infraestructura vial actualizado, los cuales no se encuentran disponibles en Costa Rica. Recientemente se han popularizado modelos de choques a nivel macro que se pueden utilizar para desarrollar funciones de desempeño de seguridad vial a nivel de ruta, dado que por su nivel de agregación tienen menores requerimientos de información. De esta forma se pueden identificar rutas donde el exceso de choques sea significativo para después realizar estudios micro o detallados de sitios de concentración choques en estas rutas. Este estudio busca identificar las rutas con mayor potencial de mejora en Costa Rica utilizando funciones de desempeño de seguridad vial y el método de Bayes Empírico. Los resultados muestran que el modelo Binomial Negativo es apropiado para representar la Función de Desempeño de Seguridad Vial por ruta en Costa Rica al considerar la exposición y la sobre-dispersión. Además, el modelo indica que la ruta más peligrosa de Costa Rica en términos de exceso de muertes en carretera es la Ruta 32, seguida de la Ruta 2, la Ruta 4, la Ruta 1 y en quinto lugar Ruta 34. Las otras cinco rutas que completan las 10 más peligrosas son en orden la Ruta 35, la Ruta 21, la Ruta 36, la Ruta 27 y la Ruta 6.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[AbstractRoad network screening is fundamental to reduce the frequency and severity of road crashes. For this purpose it is necessary to have a detailed crash database and an updated road inventory, which are not available in Costa Rica. Recently, macro-level crash models have become popular, since their level of aggregation have lower information requirements; they can be used to develop Safety Performance Functions (SPF) at route level. Using these SPFs routes with excess crash frequency can be identified and a detail safety screening can be performed on those routes. This study seeks to identify the most dangerous routes in Costa Rica using the SPFs and the Empirical Bayes method. The results show that the Negative Binomial model is appropriate to represent the SPFs for routes in Costa Rica since it considers the exposure and over-dispersion present in the data. In addition, the model indicates that the most dangerous routes in Costa Rica in terms of excess deaths are the Route 32, followed by Route 2, Route 4, Route 1 and Route 34. The other 5 routes completing the 10 most dangerous are in order Route 35, Route 21, Route 36, Route 27 and Route 6.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Seguridad Vial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[función de desempeño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Bayes empírico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[rutas de concentración de choques]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[exceso de frecuencia de choques]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Safety Performance Function]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[empirical Bayes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[routes with promise]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[excess expected crash frequency]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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