<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-2458</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[InterSedes]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[InterSedes]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-2458</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sedes Regionales]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-24582016000100059</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/isucr.v17i35.25564</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Confusión Mereológica Y Praxis Psiquiátrica: Aspectos De La Insuficiencia Teórica Y Empírica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Mereological Confusion And Psychiatric Practice: Aspects Of Theoretical And Empirical Failure]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez de las Matas Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María del Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Sede de Guanacaste ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>CR</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2016</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>35</numero>
<fpage>59</fpage>
<lpage>94</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-24582016000100059&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-24582016000100059&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-24582016000100059&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[ResumenDesde la neurociencia teórica (Bickle, Mandik &amp; Landreth, 2012) y crítica (Choudhury, Nagel &amp; Slaby, 2009), se plantean a continuación determinados aspectos de la insuficiencia antropológica, ética, lógica y empírica del constructo conceptual de la &#8220;esquizofrenia&#8221;, atendiendo en este caso a su reducción exclusivamente biologicista sobre el supuesto unidireccional fisicalista (Sass, 2014). En las categorías diagnósticas occidentales subyacen asunciones culturales respecto de lo que sean la &#8216;conciencia&#8217; y los &#8216;estados patológicos de la conciencia&#8217; (Lewis-Williams, 2015) que, a su vez, enuncian juicios culturales respecto de la &#8220;normalidad&#8221; o &#8220;anormalidad&#8221; (Geertz, 2006; Fourasté, 1992; Harris, 2014a) de los &#8216;estados de conciencia&#8217; y de las conductas de determinados individuos que nuestra tradición denomina, en la actualidad, &#8220;esquizofrénicos&#8221; (APA, 2013/2014). La confusión mereológica de las neurociencias (Bennett &amp; Hacker, 2006; 2007) tiene su equivalente empírico en la investigación cerebro-reductiva y en su praxis biomédica asociada (Bentall, 2004; Sass, 2014). Sobre estas bases, la normativa internacional es ineficiente pare evitar situaciones como la ejemplificada por la prestigiosa psiquiatra Nancy C. Andreasen respecto de la pérdida de tejido cerebral por acción de los antipsicóticos (Dreyfus &amp; Andreasen, 2008; Andreasen, 2013; Valverde, 2010; Sánchez Vallejo, 2013). La investigación empírica reductivista del cerebro &#8220;esquizofrénico&#8221; acumula proposiciones particulares subcontrarias, inducciones falaces e hipótesis ad hoc, incumpliendo en sí misma sus criterios cientificistas y sin haber respondido adecuadamente a la neuroepigenética (Ming, 2015). En este sentido se entiende un progreso lógico de las neurociencias hacia las ciencias humanas, en el contexto de la ruptura paradigmática del postcognitivismo y de una exigente transdisciplinariedad (Decety &amp; Christen, 2014; Clark &amp; Chalmers, 1998; Noë, 2010; Northoff, 2014; Kirmayer &amp; Ryder, 2016).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[AbstractOn the following pages, standing from theoretical (Bickle, Mandik &amp; Landreth, 2012) and critical (Choudhury, Nagel &amp; Slaby, 2009) neuroscience, certain aspects concerning the anthropological, ethical, logical and empirical insufficiency of the conceptual construct of "schizophrenia" are raised, placing special attention to its exclusively biologicist reduction on the physicalist unidirectional course (Sass, 2014). In the Western diagnostic categories, there are underlying cultural assumptions about what 'consciousness' and the 'pathological states of consciousness' (Lewis-Williams, 2015) are, which in turn, set forth cultural judgments about "normality" or "abnormality" (Geertz, 2006; Fourasté, 1992; Harris, 2014a) of the 'states of consciousness' and the behavior of certain individuals that our present tradition call "schizophrenic" (APA, 2013/2014). The mereological confusion of the neuroscience (Bennett &amp; Hacker, 2006; 2007) has its praxic equivalent in brain-reductionist research and in its associated biomedical praxis (Bentall, 2004; Sass, 2014). On these bases, international standards are inefficient to prevent situations such as the one exemplified by the prestigious psychiatrist Nancy C. Andreasen regarding the loss of brain tissue due to antipsychotic drugs (Dreyfus &amp; Andreasen, 2008; Andreasen, 2013; Valverde, 2010; Sánchez Vallejo, 2013). Reductionist empirical research of the "schizophrenic" brain accumulates subcontrary individual propositions, fallacious inductions and ad hoc hypothesis, failing in itself its scientific criteria, and without having responded adequately to neuroepigenetics (Ming, 2015). In this sense, a logical progression of the neurosciences toward the human sciences is understood, in the context of a paradigmatic rupture of postcognitivism and of a demanding transdisciplinarity (Decety &amp; Christen, 2014; Clark &amp; Chalmers, 1998; Noë, 2010; Northoff, 2014; Kirmayer &amp; Ryder, 2016).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Conciencia, confusión mereológica de la neurociencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[continuum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cultura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[esquizofrenia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inducción falaz]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[neuroepigenética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[proposiciones subcontrarias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[postcognitivismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Consciousness]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mereological confusion of the neuroscience]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[continuum]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[culture]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[schizophrenia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fallacious induction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[neuroepigenetics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[subcontrary propositions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[postcognitivism]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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