<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-4940</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos Inter.c.a.mbio sobre Centroamérica y el Caribe]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Inter.c.a.mbio]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-4940</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigación en Identidad y Cultura Latinoamericanas (CIICLA) de la Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-49402021000200007</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/c.a..v18i2.47510</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Abolición vs continuidad del tráfico de esclavos. Una aproximación al tema desde las costas de África]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Abolition vs. Continuity of the Slave Trade. An Approach to the topic from the Coasts of Africa]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Abolição vs. continuidade do tráfico de escravos. Uma abordagem do assunto a partir das costas da África]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez Calderín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sissy Indira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández Carcassés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Oriente  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Oriente  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>172</fpage>
<lpage>197</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-49402021000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-49402021000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-49402021000200007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este trabajo demuestra que, a pesar de los esfuerzos de Inglaterra para eliminar la trata de esclavos, los intereses de las élites esclavistas de América promovieron las vías para que, de manera clandestina, continuaran entrando determinadas cantidades de esclavos, en especial a Estados Unidos, Brasil y Cuba. En los territorios africanos también funcionaron mecanismos para burlar las prohibiciones, toda vez que la economía de los enclaves coloniales allí existentes, en especial en el Reino del Kongo y Angola, era aún dependiente del comercio de personas, y resultaba difícil reorientarla rápidamente hacia otras actividades. Lo mismo puede decirse de las poblaciones africanas de esas regiones, igualmente especializadas en esta inhumana actividad, de la cual dependían. Estos factores conspiraron contra una rápida extinción de la trata y se estudian en este artículo a través de una colección de documentos publicada en Angola. Se aplicaron métodos de análisis bibliográfico y documental.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article demonstrates that despite England's efforts to eliminate the African slave trade, the interests of America's slave elites promoted, in a clandestine manner, ways for certain quantities of slaves to continue to enter, especially United States, Brazil and Cuba. In the African territories, mechanisms were also used to circumvent the prohibitions, since the economy of the colonial enclaves, especially in the Kingdom of Kongo and Angola, was still dependent on the trade of slaves, and it was difficult to quickly redirect it to other activities. The same can be said of African societies of these regions, equally specialized in this inhuman activity, on which they depended. These factors conspired against a rapid extinction of slave trade and are discussed in this article through a collection of documents published in Angola. Bibliographic and documentary analysis methods were applied.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este artigo demostra que apesar dos esforços da Inglaterra para eliminar o comércio de escravos, os interesses das elites escravagistas da América promoveram formas para que certas quantidades de escravos continuassem a entrar clandestinamente, em especial nos Estados Unidos, Brasil e Cuba. Nos territórios africanos, os mecanismos também funcionaram para eludir as proibições, uma vez que a economia dos enclaves coloniais, especialmente no Reino do Kongo e Angola), ainda dependia do comércio de pessoas e era difícil redirecioná-lo rapidamente para outras actividades. O mesmo poderia ser dito das sociedades africanas daquelas regiões, igualmente especializadas nesta atividade desumana, da qual dependiam. Estes fatores conspiraram contra uma rápida extinção do tráfico de escravos e são estudados neste artigo através de uma coleção de documentos publicada em Angola. Foram aplicados os métodos de análise bibliográfica e documental.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Siglo XIX]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[abolición de la trata]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comercio clandestino de esclavos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[esclavitud]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sociedades africanas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Nineteenth century]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[abolition of the slave trade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[clandestine slave trade]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[slavery]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[africans societies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Século XIX]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[abolição do tráfico de escravos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[comércio clandestino de escravos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[escravidão]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[sociedades africanas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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