<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-4266</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Investigación UNED]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Investigación UNED]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-4266</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-42662020000100054</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22458/urj.v12i1.2810</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Impacto de la taltuza, Heterogeomys underwoodi (Rodentia: Geomyidae) en la producción agrícola de Puriscal, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Impact of the pocket gopher Heterogeomys underwoodi (Rodentia: Geomyidae) in agricultural production in Puriscal, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chavarría-Chang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Allan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Estatal a Distancia Dirección de Extensión Universitaria ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Escuela de Agronomía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>54</fpage>
<lpage>64</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-42662020000100054&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-42662020000100054&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-42662020000100054&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Introducción: La taltuza (Heterogeomys underwoodi) se considera una especie dañina para la producción agrícola, pero hay muy poca información sobre su efecto. Objetivo: Conocer acerca del impacto de la taltuza Heterogeomys underwoodi a los cultivos agrícolas, características de los montículos, así como de las técnicas para su combate. Métodos: Realizamos una encuesta a 33 productores para determinar el daño y caracterizamos los montículos que construye esta especie. Resultados:Un total de 34 cultivos sufren daños que van del 25% al 50% de pérdida. El daño ocurre en estaciones secas y lluviosas, y en diferentes etapas fenológicas (tiempo de cosecha) dependiendo del cultivo. Las técnicas de combate más utilizadas son los productos tóxicos, seguidos de trampas, así como la introducción de plantas o animales en los sistemas de túneles. Conclusión: Estos animales afectan al menos a 34 cultivos y los productores utilizan una variedad de técnicas de control.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Introduction: The pocket gopher (Heterogeomys underwoodi) is harmful for agriculture but there is little information about its effect. Objective: To know about the impact of the pocket gopher Heterogeomys underwoodi to crops, characteristics of the mounds, as well as control techniques used by producers. Methods: We conducted a survey to 33 producers to determine damage and made a characterization of the mounds that this species builds. Results: A total of 34 crops suffer damage ranging from 25% to 50% loss. The damage occurs in dry and rainy seasons, and in different phenological stages (harvest time) depending on the crop. The most used combat techniques are toxic products, followed by traps, as well as the introduction of plants or animals into tunnel systems. Conclusion: these animals affect at least 34 crops and producers use a variety of control techniques]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[damage]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[control]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pest vertebrate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[rodents]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[daños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[combate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vertebrados plaga]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[roedores]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hilje]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimación de la abundancia de la taltuza, Orthogeomys heterodus (Rodentia, Geomyidae) y el daño producido en una zona hortícola de Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Manejo Integrado de Plagas (Costa Rica)]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>26-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bonino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hilje]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparación de dos métodos de combate de la taltuza, Orthogeomys heterodus (Rodentia, Geomyidae) en Costa Rica.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Manejo Integrado de Plagas (Costa Rica)]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>39-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La taltuza (Orthogeomys cherriei) como plaga del cultivo de pejibaye]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Serie Técnica Pejibaye (Guilielma). Boletín Informativo]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>(1)</numero>
<issue>(1)</issue>
<page-range>10-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Daños causados por las taltuzas (Orthogeomys cherriei) en cultivos de la Región Atlántica.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Investigación Agrícola (San José, C.R)]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>(1)</numero>
<issue>(1)</issue>
<page-range>1-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demastes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hafner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hafner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Phylogeographic variation in two Central American pocket gopher (Orthogeomys).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Mammalogy]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>(4)</numero>
<issue>(4)</issue>
<page-range>917-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Samudio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. R. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Universidad Autónoma de Chiriquí, Chiriquí, Panamá.]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Chiriquí, Panamá.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greene]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Orthogeomys underwoodi (Rodentia: Geomyidae) on the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica, with comments on the biological significance of pelage markings in tropical pocket gophers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Brenesia]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<page-range>95-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hafner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evolutionary genetics and zoogeography of Middle American pocket gopher, Genus Orthogeomys]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Mammalogy]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<page-range>1-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hafner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Family Geomyidae (Pocket Gophers)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lacher, Jr.,]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mittermeier (Eds.)]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Handbook of the Mammals of the World Lagomorphs and Rodents I (Vol. 6)]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<page-range>234-69</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Barcelona, España: ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Lynx Edicions.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hafner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hafner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Geographic distribution of two Costa Rican species of Orthogeomys, with com­ments on dorsal pelage marking in the Geomyidae.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Southwestern Naturalist]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>5-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hilje]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Daño y combate de roedores plaga en Costa Rica.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Manejo Integrado de Plagas (Costa Rica)]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>32-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>IMN (Instituto Meteorológico Nacional)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Estudio de Cuencas Hidrográficas de Costa Rica. Análisis biofísico, climatológico y socioeconómico. Cuenca río Tusubres.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Meteorológico Nacional y Ministerios de Ambiente, Energía y Telecomunicaciones.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>INEC (Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Censo Agropecuario 2014]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San José, Costa Rica ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Roedores plaga de América Central.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San José, Costa Rica ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Distribución geográfica, características, clave taxonómica de las taltuzas (Orthogeomys spp., Rodentia: Geomyidae) en Costa Rica.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[UNED Research Journal]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>(1),</numero>
<issue>(1),</issue>
<page-range>23-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Las taltuzas. Historia natural y control]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Costa Rica ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial de la Universidad de Costa Rica.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osgood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Two new rodents from Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Field Museum of Natural History. Zoological Series]]></source>
<year>1931</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>(5)</numero>
<issue>(5)</issue>
<page-range>143-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mammals species of the world. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Price]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Two new species of Geomydoecus from Costa Rican pocket gopher (Mallophaga: Trichodectidae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>(1)</numero>
<issue>(1)</issue>
<page-range>41-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Price]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hellenthal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hafner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Geomydoecus (Mallophaga:Trichodectidae) from the Central American pocket gophers of the subgenus Macrogeomys (Rodentia:Geomyidae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>(2)</numero>
<issue>(2)</issue>
<page-range>432-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reid]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A field guide to the mammals of Central America and Southeast Mexico.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York, USA: ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sisk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaughan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Orthogeomys]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Brenesia]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>233-47</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spradling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Demastes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hafner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milbach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cervantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hafner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systematic revision of the pocket gopher genus Orthogeomys.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Orthogeomys. Journal of Mammalogy]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>97</volume>
<numero>(2)</numero>
<issue>(2)</issue>
<page-range>405-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sudman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hafner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Phylogenetic relationships among Middle American pocket gopher (genus Orthogeomys) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>(1)</numero>
<issue>(1)</issue>
<page-range>17-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cultivo de banano (Musa AAA) y plátano (Musa AAB) en presencia y ausencia de cobertura vegetal viva (Arachis pintoi CIAT-18748).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CORBANA]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>(48)</numero>
<issue>(48)</issue>
<page-range>23-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impacto negativo de una especie de roedor hipógeo (Mammalia: Geomyidae) en la agricultura y positiva en la edafología.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Serie Zoología]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>(1)</numero>
<issue>(1)</issue>
<page-range>237-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villalobos-Chaves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón-Madrigal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pineda-Lizano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Clave para la identificación de los roedores de Costa Rica]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San José, Costa Rica ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela de Biología, Universidad de Costa Rica.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
