<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-1321</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Mesoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-1321</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-13212023000300018</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/am.2023.53198</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Agricultores del Caribe sur de Costa Rica: Caracterización socioeconómica, productiva y comercial]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Farmers of the southern Caribbean of Costa Rica: Socioeconomic, productive, and commercial characterization]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harvey Chavarría]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marianita]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estrada-León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raciel Javier]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Tecnológico Nacional de México C.A. Bioprocesos Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Calkiní en el Estado de Campeche (ITESCAM)]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Calkiní Campeche]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-13212023000300018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-13212023000300018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-13212023000300018&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Introducción. En Costa Rica el sector agrícola es uno de los más diversos, este presenta una alta variabilidad socioeconómica. El cantón de Talamanca alberga un fuerte rezago económico y requiere la generación de alternativas productivas. Objetivo. Caracterizar a nivel socioeconómico, productivo y comercial, los agricultores del Caribe Sur. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo en los distritos de Cahuita, Bratsi y Sixaola de Talamanca del 2019 al 2021. Se determinó un tamaño de muestra con un nivel de confianza del 95 %. Se diseñó un cuestionario estructurado con veintisiete preguntas para los agricultores, y ocho para responsables de instituciones gubernamentales en la zona. Se aplicó encuestas a 155 agricultores y 33 representantes de instituciones y organizaciones. Los agricultores se clasificaron mediante un análisis de conglomerados jerárquico y análisis discriminantes, se utilizaron variables socioeconómicas cuantitativas continuas. Resultados. Se identificaron cuatro tipos de agricultores, 1) agricultores de subsistencia (ATS, 7,10 %), 2) pequeños (ATP, 23,23 %), 3) medios (ATM, 41,29 %) y 4) grandes (ATG, 28,39 %), con diferencias estadísticas (p&lt;0,05, &#967;2&lt;0,05) entre sus variables de estudio. Sobre la agroindustria se identificó que el 77,91 % no industrializaron sus productos, por falta de mercado (14,68 %) y falta de recursos (14,37 %) como principales razones. Conclusión. La actividad agrícola se caracterizó por una agricultura familiar. Se producen plátano, cacao y banano; no obstante, la diversidad de cultivos y frutales representa un alto potencial para el desarrollo de la agroindustria.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Introduction. In Costa Rica, the agricultural sector is one of the most diverse, it presents, a high socioeconomic variability. The canton of Talamanca harbors a strong economic lag and it is necessary the generation of productive alternatives. Objective. To characterize the socioeconomic, productive, and commercial level of the South Caribbean farmers. Materials and methods. An exploratory and descriptive study was carried out in the districts of Cahuita, Bratsi, and Sixaola of Talamanca from 2019 to 2021. A sample size was determined with a confidence level of 95%. A structured questionnaire with twenty-seven questions was designed for farmers, and eight for heads of government institutions in the area. Surveys were applied to 155 farmers and 33 representatives of institutions and organizations. Farmers were classified through hierarchical cluster analysis and discriminant analysis, continuous quantitative socioeconomic variables were used. Results. Four types of farmers were identified, 1) subsistence farmers (ATS, 7.10 %), 2) small (ATP, 23.23 %), 3) medium (ATM, 41.29 %), and 4) large (ATG, 28.39 %), with significant statistical differences (p&lt;0.05, &#967;2&lt;0.05) between their study variables. Regarding agro-industry, it was identified that 77.91 % did not industrialize their products, due to lack of market (14.68 %) and lack of resources (14.37 %) as the main reasons. Conclusion. The agricultural activity is characterized by family farming. Plantain, cocoa, and bananas are produced; however, the diversity of crops and fruit trees represents a high potential for the development of agro-industry.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[agricultores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tipologías]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cultivos autóctonos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[frutales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[valor agregado]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[farmers]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[typologies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[autochthonous crops]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fruit trees]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[added value]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acuña Sossa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tsuru: el cacao en alta Talamanca.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Herencia]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>83-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arrieta-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Beltrán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrientos-Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cervantes-Acosta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Andrade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dominguez-Mancera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Caracterización y tipificación tecnológica del sistema de bovinos doble propósito de la Huasteca Veracruzana México.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista MVZ Córdoba]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avilez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nahed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mena Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castel Genis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Classification, characterisation and strategies for improvement of cattle and sheep pasture systems in marginal areas of Southern Chile.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Pecuarias]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>240-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballesteros-Possú]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solarte-Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Socio-economic characterization of the traditional agroforestry cacao system (Theobroma cacao L.).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>17-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borychowski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[St&#281;pie&#324;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polcyn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[To&#353;ovi&#263;-Stevanovi&#263;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[&#262;alovi&#263;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lali&#263;]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[&#381;u&#382;a]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Socio-economic determinants of small family farms' resilience in selected Central and Eastern European countries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sustainability]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>24</numero>
<issue>24</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calderón Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Breve descripción del Territorio Talamanca-Valle de la Estrella.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Nacional de Desarrollo Rural]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camacho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arauz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barboza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Caracterización de productores de hortalizas orgánicas distribuidas en la gran área metropolitana (GAM), Costa Rica.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agronomía Costarricense]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>131-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cid-Ríos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Á.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reveles-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Cabral]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tipificación de productores de frijol del PRODETER para coadyuvar el cambio climático en Zacatecas.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>741-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Clases SIG</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Aspectos generales de SAS 9.0]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<edition>2021</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[YouTube]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coaquira Incacari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Julca Otiniano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coaquira Lastarria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mendoza Cortez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Caracterización de las unidades productoras de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) en la provincia de Jauja, Junín, Perú]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Idesia (Arica)]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>101-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Confederación de Asociaciones de Productores Agropecuarios de Venezuela</collab>
<source><![CDATA[¿Cómo se clasifican los cultivos?]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dutta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chakraborty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goswami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Banerjee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Majumdar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Maize yield in smallholder agriculture system-An approach integrating socio-economic and crop management factors.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plos One]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fletes Ocón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cadenas, redes y actores de la agroindustria en el contexto de la globalización: El aporte de los enfoques contemporáneos del desarrollo regional]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Espiral Estudios sobre Estado y Sociedad]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>37</numero>
<issue>37</issue>
<page-range>97-122</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garita Alpízar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estudio de Caracterización de Cantones Provincia de Limón.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio Universitario de Limón]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giraldo Paredes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Caracterización socio-económica del corregimiento de la Pampa zona rural del municipio de Palmira, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Investigación Agraria y Ambiental]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>221-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guarín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinto-Correia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guiomar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[&#352;&#363;mane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno-Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A new typology of small farms in Europe.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global food security]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>26</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guiomar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Godinho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinto-Correia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bartolini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bezak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Biró]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bjørkhaug]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bojnec]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brunori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Corazzin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Czekaj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davidova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kania]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kristesen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marraccini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molnár]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Zs.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niedermayr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Rourke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wästfeltx]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Typology and distribution of small farms in Europe: Towards a better picture.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Land use policy]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<page-range>784-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto de Desarrollo Rural</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Plan Territorial de Desarrollo Rural Talamanca-Valle La Estrella 2015-2020.]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Instituto de Desarrollo Rural.</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Estudio Línea Base Territorial: Región Huetar Caribe.]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Secretaría Técnica de Desarrollo Rural.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto de Desarrollo Rural.</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Historia]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos.</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Panorama demográfico 2019]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez Godoy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Territorios campesinos vinculados a la agroindustria: un análisis de las transformaciones territoriales desde la economía de la proximidad. El caso de las comunidades lecheras en Cayambe-Ecuador.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eutopía]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>41-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mata Anchundia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rivero Herrada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segovia Montalvan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sistemas agroforestales con cultivo de cacao fino de aroma: entorno socioeconómico y productivo.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Ciencias Forestales]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>103-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medaglia Monge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Oportunidades de comercialización para coco y subproductos]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PROCOMER]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía-Valvas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Pando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinedo-Taco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Caracterización de las unidades productivas del cultivo de kiwicha (Amaranthus caudatus) en las provincias de Yungay, Huaylas y Carhuaz, en el departamento de Áncash, Perú.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ciencia &amp; Tecnología Agropecuaria]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Ministerio de Planificación Nacional y Política Económica.</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Plan de desarrollo Humano Cantonal de Talamanca 2014-2024.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Ministerio de Planificación Nacional y Política Económica.</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Índice de desarrollo social 2017.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Ministerio de Trabajo y Seguridad Social</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Lista de salarios mínimos sector privado año 2022.]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora Calvo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Caracterización regional de la región de desarrollo Huetar Caribe.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivera Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diagnóstico del Cantón de Talamanca. Ministerio de Vivienda y Asentamientos Humanos.]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[O'Neal Coto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[UCR marca la pauta en sector agroindustrial con investigación de alto nivel.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis de datos multivariantes]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[McGraw-hill]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valenciano Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La cadena de valor de la panela y el fortalecimiento de la agricultura familiar en Costa Rica.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista ABRA]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>55</numero>
<issue>55</issue>
<page-range>1-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McHugh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evolución histórica y caracterización socioeconómica de la cuenca media del Río Reventado, Cartago, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agronomía Costarricense]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>53-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ricciardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramankutty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mehrabi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jarvis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chookolingo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[How much of the world's food do smallholders produce?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Food Security]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>64-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Borray]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Castiblanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tauta-Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huertas-Carranza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polo-Murcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diversidad de empresas agroindustriales rurales: tipologías de producción de panela en Huila, Colombia.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zúñiga Escobar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coelho-de-Souza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seguridad alimentaria y características socioeconómicas de familias agricultoras de Coto Brus, Costa Rica.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Perspectivas Rurales Nueva Época]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>34</numero>
<issue>34</issue>
<page-range>57-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Puertas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luna Mancilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campo Quesada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero Diaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meneses Buitrago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos Zambrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rincón Manrique]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tipología de productores de uchuva en el departamento de Nariño, Colombia.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1313-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Toledano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zegbe Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kallas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tipología de productores de durazno en Zacatecas, México por atributos de calidad del fruto.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>743-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yarce Gil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El impacto de la comunicación en las prácticas y discursos sobre la agroindustria en la vereda Yarumal Escuela de Sonsón]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Antioquia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
