<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-1321</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Mesoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-1321</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-13212015000200257</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/am.v26i2.19325</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Determinación de la Resistencia al Cletodim en Poa Annua en Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Assessment of Poaannua resistance to clethodim in Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaves-Barrantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Néstor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera-Murillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Franklin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit Moreno Programa de Manejo Integrado de Malezas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Alajuela]]></addr-line>
<country>CR</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit Moreno Programa de Leguminosas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Alajuela]]></addr-line>
<country>CR</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería (MAG) Agencia de Extensión Agrícola ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Potrero Cerrado Cartago]]></addr-line>
<country>CR</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Estación Experimental Fabio Baudrit Moreno Programa de Manejo Integrado de Malezas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Alajuela]]></addr-line>
<country>CR</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>257</fpage>
<lpage>266</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-13212015000200257&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-13212015000200257&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-13212015000200257&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:El objetivo de este trabajo fue verificar la presencia de resistencia al cletodim en poblaciones de Poa annua, en el cultivo de cebolla en la zona alta de Cartago, Costa Rica. Se realizaron dos experimentos; el primero se llevó a cabo en el año 2007, en una casa de mallas de la Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno (EEAFBM), con semilla de plantas que procedieron de una finca donde cletodim ejerció buen control (S), y de otra finca con control deficiente (R). En cada población se aplicó cletodim a diferentes dosis (0,5X, 1,0X, 1,5X y 2,0X) siendo X la dosis comercial recomendada. En este experimento las dosis de 1,5 y 2,0X de cletodim mostraron un 44 y 17% de control respectivamente, en la población R, mientras que las mismas dosis controlaron en 100% la población S. El segundo experimento se realizó en el 2009, recolectándose directamente en el campo semillas de dos poblaciones de P. annua, una en un sitio con control satisfactorio (S) y la otra de un lote de la misma finca donde el control fue deficiente (R). Las semillas se sembraron en recipientes plásticos según poblaciones y se aplicó cletodim a las dosis de 0, 1X, 2X, 4X, 8X, 16X. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las poblaciones de P. annua en su reacción al cletodim. En la población S se obtuvo mayor porcentaje de control y menos plantas sobrevivientes que la población R. Varias plantas de la población R soportaron hasta dieciséis veces la dosis comercial de cletodim. Los resultados de ambos experimentos sugieren la presencia de poblaciones de P. annua con resistencia a cletodim.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:The objective of this study was to check for the presence of resistance to clethodim in Poaannua populations observed in onion fields in the highlands of Cartago, Costa Rica. Two experiments were conducted; the first one was carried out, in 2007, in a greenhouse at the Fabio BaudritMoreno Agricultural Experiment Station (EEAFBM, in Spanish), with seeds of plants from a farm where clethodim exercised good control (S population), and from another farm where clethodim showed a deficient control (R population). Both S and R populations were treated with different doses of clethodim (0.5X, 1.0X, 1.5X and 2.0X), being X the recommended commercial dose). In this experiment, control of the R population was 44% and 17% at doses of 1.5X and 2.0X, respectively, whereas control of the S population was 100% at either of those doses. The second experiment was carried out in 2009, seeds of two other P. annua populations were collected in a similar way: one population from an area where weed control was satisfactory (S), and the other population from an area of the farm where control was deficient (R). Seeds were sown, depending on the type, in plastic pots and sprayed with clethodim at doses of: 0. 1X, 2X, 4X, 8X, and 16X. There were significant differences in the reactions to clethodim of both P. annua populations The S population showed a higher percentage of control and less surviving plants than the R population. Several plants of the R population resisted up to 16X commercial doses of clethodim. Results of both experiments suggest the presence of P. annua populations resistant to clethodim.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[poáceas resistentes a herbicidas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ciclohexanodionas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[arvenses.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[herbicide resistant grasses]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cyclohexanedione]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[weeds.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Herbicide resistance" and "herbicide tolerance" defined]]></article-title>
<collab>Weed Science Society of America</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Weed Technol.]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>789</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
