<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-097X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[MHSalud]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[MHSalud]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-097X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela de Ciencias del Movimiento Humano y Calidad de Vida, Universidad Nacional]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-097X2022000100112</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15359/mhs.19-1.9</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Diseño y validación de instrumentos para valorar la postura de sedestación y motricidad fina en alumnado de primaria]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Design and validation of instruments for assessing sitting posture and fine motor function in primary school students]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Desenho e validação de instrumentos de avaliação da postura de sedestação e da motricidade fina para estudantes do ensino fundamental]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez-Matas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yolanda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[David]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salido López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Vicente]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrea]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Facultad de Educación de Ciudad Real Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad Real ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Facultad de Educación de Ciudad Real Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad Real ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Facultad de Educación de Ciudad Real Departamento Filología hispánica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad Real ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha Facultad de Educación de Ciudad Real Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Musical, Plástica y Corporal]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad Real ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>112</fpage>
<lpage>129</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-097X2022000100112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-097X2022000100112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-097X2022000100112&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Los niños y las niñas en edad escolar pueden pasar aproximadamente un 80 % de su jornada escolar haciendo uso de la silla. Debido a esta situación, diferentes estudios establecen una relación entre postura y problemas de salud. Señalan además, que las dificultades de escritura pueden afectar la percepción de las propias capacidades. Debido a estos resultados, se ha insistido en la importancia de inculcar hábitos posturales y grafomotrices adecuados desde edades tempranas. Los objetivos principales de este estudio fueron, por un lado, diseñar instrumentos de observación y recolección de datos de los patrones posturales y de grafomotricidad; por otro, validar dichos instrumentos mediante la opinión de personas expertas. Como objetivo secundario se consideró evaluar la consistencia interna del instrumento para valorar la postura de sedestación. En relación con el primer objetivo, ambos instrumentos mostraron valores altos de concordancia inter jueces en cuanto a la pertinencia y precisión de los ítems. Con respecto al segundo, los instrumentos fueron aplicados a una muestra de 93 niños y niñas de 1º y 5º curso de Educación primaria para evaluar la consistencia interna del instrumento postura. Los resultados de confiabilidad por dimensiones mostraron unos valores superiores a 0.7. Los instrumentos diseñados se presentan como herramientas útiles para valorar los patrones relacionados con la postura y la grafomotricidad y contribuir así a la detección de problemas asociados en niños y niñas en edad escolar. En conclusión, estos instrumentos pueden ofrecer directrices adecuadas para elaborar planes de trabajo destinados a atender las necesidades que presente el alumnado.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Schoolchildren can spend around 80% of their school day sat. In this sense, different studies establish a direct relationship between posture and health problems. Moreover, writing difficulties can also affect the perception of abilities, hence the importance of instilling proper postural and graphomotor habits from an early age. The main objectives of this study were, on the one hand, to design instruments for observation and data collection of postural and graphomotricity patterns and, on the other hand, to validate these instruments through expert opinion. A secondary objective was to evaluate the internal consistency of the instrument to assess the posture of sedestation. Concerning the first objective, both instruments showed high inter-judge concordance in terms of relevance and precision of the items. In relation to the second objective, the instruments were applied to a sample of 93 children from the 1st and 5th grades of primary school to evaluate their internal consistency of the posture instrument. Dimensional reliability results showed values greater than 0.7. The instruments designed are presented as useful tools to assess the patterns related to posture and graphomotricity and thus contribute to detecting problems associated with school-age children. In conclusion, these instruments can provide appropriate guidelines for the development of work plans to meet the needs of students.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo As crianças em idade escolar podem passar aproximadamente 80% do seu dia escolar numa cadeira. Devido a esta situação, diferentes estudos estabelecem uma ligação entre a postura e os problemas de saúde. Eles também apontam que as dificuldades de escrita podem afetar a percepção das próprias habilidades. Devido a estes resultados, a importância de incutir hábitos postural e de caligrafia adequados desde uma idade precoce tem sido enfatizada. Os principais objetivos deste estudo foram, por um lado, conceber instrumentos de observação e recolha de dados de padrões posturais e grafomotores; por outro lado, validar estes instrumentos através da opinião de peritos. Um objetivo secundário foi avaliar a consistência interna do instrumento para provar a postura sentada. Em relação ao primeiro objetivo, ambos os instrumentos mostraram altos valores de concordância entre juízes em termos de relevância e precisão dos itens. Em relação ao segundo objetivo, os instrumentos foram administrados a uma amostra de 93 crianças do 1º e 5º anos do ensino fundamental para avaliar a consistência interna do instrumento de postura. Os resultados da confiabilidade por dimensões mostraram valores acima de 0,7. Os instrumentos desenhados são apresentados como ferramentas úteis para avaliar a postura e os padrões grafomotores e assim contribuir para a detecção de problemas associados em crianças em idade escolar. Em conclusão, estes instrumentos podem fornecer orientações apropriadas para o desenvolvimento de planos de trabalho que respondam às necessidades estudantis.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Educación Primaria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[comportamiento motor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[grafomotricidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salud postural.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[primary education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[motor behavior]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[graphomotricity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[postural health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Educação primária]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[comportamento motor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[habilidades grafomotoras]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[saúde postural]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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