<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1409-2433</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Matemática Teoría y Aplicaciones]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Mat]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1409-2433</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigaciones en Matemática Pura y Aplicada (CIMPA) y Escuela de Matemática, San José, Costa Rica.]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1409-24332011000100004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Regresión borrosa vs. regresión por mínimos cuadrados ordinarios: caso de studio]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Fuzzy regression vs. ordinary least squares regression: case study]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De-Los-Cobos-Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sergio G]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goddard-Close]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez-Andrade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autonónoma Metropolitana Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Iztapalapa México D.F]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autonónoma Metropolitana Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autonónoma Metropolitana Departamento de Ingeniería Eléctrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2011</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>33</fpage>
<lpage>48</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1409-24332011000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1409-24332011000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1409-24332011000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[El objetivo del trabajo es presentar la técnica de regresión borrosa y mostrar su aplicación con un ejemplo práctico, para tal propósito, se comparará la ejecución de las técnicas tanto de regresión usual así como la de algunos modelos de regresión borrosa para el estudio del íconfianza del consumidor usada como variable respuesta respecto de la cotización del dólar considerada como variable independiente. Se proporciona una pequeña introducción a las diferentes metodologías utilizadas. Se reportan los resultados obtenidos de los algoritmos de regresión: el usual por mínimos cuadrados ordinarios y 2 de regresión borrosa. Para todos los casos, se reportan las instancias generadas con los datos históricos oficiales y se realiza la comparación entre estos. Finalmente se reporta los resultados numéricos obtenidos por los diferentes métodos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[The objective of this paper is to disseminate the technique of fuzzy regression and to give a practical example of its use. To this end, classical regression is compared to several fuzzy regression models on a problem concerning the consumer confidence index with respect to the dollar rate, the latter taken as the independent variable. A brief introduction is given to each of the different methodologies employed. The results obtained using the regression algorithms, one with ordinary least squares and another two with fuzzy regression, are presented. The instances generated using the official historical data for the problem are given and the numerical results obtained with the regression methods are reported.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[regresión lineal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[regresión borrosa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[programación lineal borrosa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[linear regression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fuzzy regression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fuzzy linear programming]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <div style="text-align: center;"><font size="4"><span  style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold;">Regresi&oacute;n borrosa vs. regresi&oacute;n por m&iacute;nimos cuadrados ordinarios: caso de studio</span></font>    <br>     <br> <font size="4"><span style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold;">Fuzzy regression vs. ordinary least squares regression: case study</span></font>    <br> </div> <font size="2"><br style="font-family: verdana;"> </font>     <div style="text-align: justify;"><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Sergio G. De-Los-Cobos&#8211;Silva<sup><a  href="#autor1">*</a></sup></span></font>    <br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">John Goddard&#8211;Close<sup><a  href="#autor2">&#8224;</a></sup></span></font>    <br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Miguel A. Guti&eacute;rrez&#8211;Andrade<sup><a href="#autor3">&#8225;</a></sup></span></font><br  style="font-family: verdana;"> </div> <font size="2">    <br> <span style="font-family: verdana;"><a name="autor1"></a>*Departamento de Ingenier&iacute;a El&eacute;ctrica, Universidad Auton&oacute;noma Metropolitana&nbsp; Iztapalapa, Av. Michoac&aacute;n y La Pur&iacute;sima s/n, Col. Vicentina, Del. Iztapalapa, M&eacute;xico </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">D.F., C.P. 09340 M&eacute;xico. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:cobos@xanum.uam.mx">cobos@xanum.uam.mx</a></span><br  style="font-family: verdana;"> <span style="font-family: verdana;"><a name="autor2"></a>&#8224;Misma direccin que/same address as de los Cobos. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:jgc@xanum.uam.mx">jgc@xanum.uam.mx</a></span><br  style="font-family: verdana;"> <span style="font-family: verdana;"><a name="autor3"></a>&#8225;Misma direccin que/same address as de los Cobos. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:gamma@xanum.uam.mx">gamma@xanum.uam.mx</a>    <br>     <br> <a href="#correspondencia">Direcci&oacute;n para correspondencia</a><br  style="font-family: verdana;"> </span>    ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<br> </font>     <div style="text-align: justify;"><font size="2"><font size="3"><span  style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold;"></span></font></font> <hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><font size="2"><font size="3"><span  style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold;">Resumen</span></font></font>    <br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">El objetivo del trabajo es presentar la t&eacute;cnica de regresi&oacute;n borrosa y mostrar su aplicaci&oacute;n con un ejemplo pr&aacute;ctico, para tal prop&oacute;sito, se comparar&aacute; la ejecuci&oacute;n de las t&eacute;cnicas tanto de regresi&oacute;n usual as&iacute; como la de algunos modelos de regresi&oacute;n borrosa&nbsp; para el estudio del &iacute;confianza del consumidor usada como variable respuesta respecto de la cotizaci&oacute;n del d&oacute;lar considerada como variable independiente. Se proporciona una peque&ntilde;a introducci&oacute;n a las diferentes metodolog&iacute;as utilizadas. Se reportan los resultados obtenidos de los algoritmos de regresi&oacute;n: el usual por m&iacute;nimos cuadrados&nbsp; ordinarios y 2 de regresi&oacute;n borrosa. Para todos los casos, se reportan las instancias generadas con los datos hist&oacute;ricos oficiales y se realiza la comparaci&oacute;n entre estos.&nbsp; Finalmente se reporta los resultados num&eacute;ricos obtenidos por los diferentes m&eacute;todos.</span></font>    <br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span  style="font-weight: bold;">Palabras clave:</span> regresi&oacute;n lineal, regresi&oacute;n borrosa, programaci&oacute;n lineal borrosa.</span></font>    <br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span  style="font-weight: bold;">Mathematics Subject Classification:</span> 65J05, 90C05, 62J86.</span></font><br style="font-family: verdana;"> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><font size="3"><span  style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold;">Abstract</span></font></font>    <br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">The objective of this paper is to disseminate the technique of fuzzy regression and to&nbsp; give a practical example of its use. To this end, classical regression is compared to&nbsp; several fuzzy regression models on a problem concerning the consumer confidence&nbsp; index with respect to the dollar rate, the latter taken as the independent variable. A&nbsp; brief introduction is given to each of the different methodologies employed. The results&nbsp; obtained using the regression algorithms, one with ordinary least squares and another&nbsp; two with fuzzy regression, are presented. The instances generated using the official&nbsp; historical data for the problem are given and the numerical results obtained with the&nbsp; regression methods are reported. </span></font><br style="font-family: verdana;"> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span  style="font-weight: bold;">Keywords:</span> linear regression, fuzzy regression, fuzzy linear programming.</span></font>    <br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;"><span  style="font-weight: bold;">Mathematics Subject Classification:</span> 65J05, 90C05.    <br>     <br> </span></font> <hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Ver contenido disponible en pdf</span></font><br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></font><font  size="2"><font size="3"><span  style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold;"></span></font></font> <hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><font size="2"><font size="3"><span  style="font-family: verdana; font-weight: bold;">Referencias</span></font></font>    <!-- ref --><br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[1] De Andr&eacute;s S&aacute;nchez, J.; Terce&ntilde;o G&oacute;mez, A. 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<body><![CDATA[<!-- ref --><br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[14] Tanaka, H.; Ishibuchi, H. (1992) &#8220;A possibilistic regression analysis based on&nbsp; linear programming&#8221;, in: J. Kacprzyk &amp; M. Fedrizzi (Eds.) Fuzzy Regression Analysis, Physica-Verlag, Heidelberg: 47&#8211;60.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1948693&pid=S1409-2433201100010000400014&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></span></font>    <br>     <!-- ref --><br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[15] Wang, H.F.; Tsaur, R.C. (2000) &#8220;Insight of a fuzzy regression model&#8221;, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 112(3): 355&#8211;369.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1948696&pid=S1409-2433201100010000400015&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></span></font>    <!-- ref --><br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[16] Yen, K.K.; Ghoshray, S.; Roig, G. (1999) &#8220;A linear regression model using triangular fuzzy number coefficients&#8221;, Fuzzy Sets and Systems 106(2): 167&#8211;177.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1948698&pid=S1409-2433201100010000400016&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></span></font><br style="font-family: verdana;">     <!-- ref --><br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[17] <a href="http://www.banxico.org.mx/PortalesEspecializados/tiposCambio/">http://www.banxico.org.mx/PortalesEspecializados/tiposCambio/</a>consultado el 10-Ene-2010, 2:25, p.m.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1948700&pid=S1409-2433201100010000400017&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --></span></font>    <!-- ref --><br> <br style="font-family: verdana;"> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">[18] <a  href="http://dgcnesyp.inegi.org.mx/cgi-win/bdieintsi.exe/NIVA050001#ARBOL">http://dgcnesyp.inegi.org.mx/cgi-win/bdieintsi.exe/NIVA050001#ARBOL</a> consultado el 10-Ene-2010, 3:25, p.m.    &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;[&#160;<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="javascript: window.open('/scielo.php?script=sci_nlinks&ref=1948702&pid=S1409-2433201100010000400018&lng=','','width=640,height=500,resizable=yes,scrollbars=1,menubar=yes,');">Links</a>&#160;]<!-- end-ref --><br>     <br>     <br> </span></font>     <div style="text-align: left;"><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;"><a name="correspondencia"></a>Correspondencia a: </span></font><font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">Sergio G. De-Los-Cobos&#8211;Silva. </span></font><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Departamento de Ingenier&iacute;a El&eacute;ctrica, Universidad Auton&oacute;noma Metropolitana&nbsp; Iztapalapa, Av. Michoac&aacute;n y La Pur&iacute;sima s/n, Col. Vicentina, Del. Iztapalapa, M&eacute;xico </span><span style="font-family: verdana;">D.F., C.P. 09340 M&eacute;xico. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:cobos@xanum.uam.mx">cobos@xanum.uam.mx</a></span></font>    <br> <font size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;"></span></font><font  size="2"><span style="font-family: verdana;">John Goddard&#8211;Close. </span></font><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Misma direccin que/same address as de los Cobos. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:jgc@xanum.uam.mx">jgc@xanum.uam.mx</a></span></font> </div> </div>     <div style="text-align: left;"><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Miguel A. Guti&eacute;rrez&#8211;Andrade. </span></font><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Misma direccin que/same address as de los Cobos. E-Mail: <a href="mailto:gamma@xanum.uam.mx">gamma@xanum.uam.mx</a></span></font></div>     <div style="text-align: center;"><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;"></span></font> <hr style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"><font size="2"><span  style="font-family: verdana;">Received: 18 Feb 2010; Revised: 3 Sep 2010; Accepted: 24 Sep 2010</span></font>    <br> </div>      ]]></body><back>
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