<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0379-3982</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Tecnología en Marcha]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología en Marcha]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0379-3982</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0379-39822023000200050</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18845/tm.v36i2.6007</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Simulación del sistema de interconexión eléctrica de los países de América Central usando ETAP]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Simulation of the Central American interconnected electrical system using ETAP]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gustavo Adolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gonzalo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Anhalt University of Applied Sciences  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Alemania</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>50</fpage>
<lpage>58</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0379-39822023000200050&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0379-39822023000200050&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0379-39822023000200050&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El Sistema de Interconexión Eléctrica de los Países de América Central (SIEPAC) ha sido un motor de desarrollo para la región y a partir de su constitución los beneficios han sido cuantiosos mostrando avances socioeconómicos de gran importancia para los habitantes de la zona. El presente artículo muestra un modelado del Sistema Eléctrico Regional (SER) para realizar estudios de flujos de potencia usando el software ETAP (Electrical Transient Analyzer Program). Hasta donde tienen conocimiento los autores, solo existe un modelo del sistema regional centroamericano usando PSS/E (Power System Simulator for Engineering). En la presente investigación fueron simulados diversos escenarios, con condiciones de operación para distintas y variadas como son lo invierno y verano tanto en carga como generación en estado máximo, medio y mínimo. Se estudia una red de más de 2150 barras que abarca los países de Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica y Panamá. Comparando los datos obtenidos de flujos de potencia entre ETAP y PSS/E, se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios pues las variaciones fueron menores al 0.5% de los flujos de potencia entre los países y de esta manera se validaron los resultados de ETAP a las mismas condiciones de análisis. Se concluye que, para fines académicos o de investigación el sistema de potencia de interconexión de Centroamérica, es posible simularlo utilizando la herramienta de ETAP, en sustitución de PSS/E, siendo esta última la utilizada hoy día por los operadores de la red centroamericana.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The Central American Countries Electric Interconnection System (SIEPAC) has been an engine of development for the region. From its establishment the benefits have been substantial, showing socio-economic advances of great importance for the area&#8217;s inhabitants. This article shows a modeling of the Regional Electric System (SER) to carry out power flow studies using the ETAP (Electrical Transient Analyzer Program) software. As far as the authors are aware, there is only one model of the Central American regional system using PSS/E (Power System Simulator for Engineering). In this article, various scenarios were simulated and analyzed, varied and different operating conditions such as winter and summer in maximum, medium and minimum load and generation are considered. The power grid studied is more than 2150 bus that covers all the countries: Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. Comparing the results of power flows between ETAP and PSS/E, satisfactory results were obtained since the variations were less than 0.5% between the power flows among countries. In this way, the results of ETAP were validated under the same conditions of analysis. As a conclusion, for academic or research purposes, the Central American interconnection power system can be simulated using the ETAP software, instead of PSS/E, which is the one used nowadays by the Central American network operators.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ETAP]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[simulación de sistemas de potencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistemas de potencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[flujos de potencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis computacional del sistema de potencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ETAP]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[power system simulation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[power systems]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[load flow]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[power systems analysis computing]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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