<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0379-3982</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Tecnología en Marcha]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología en Marcha]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0379-3982</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0379-39822022000400071</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18845/tm.v35i4.5776</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Índice de estimación de la vida residual en transformadores eléctricos de potencia basado en condición]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Residual lifespan estimation index in power transformers based on condition]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro-Meneses]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gustavo A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Núñez-Mata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oscar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cartago ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela de Ingeniería de la Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Pedro ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>71</fpage>
<lpage>83</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0379-39822022000400071&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0379-39822022000400071&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0379-39822022000400071&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Los transformadores de potencia inmersos en aceite son máquinas eléctricas altamente confiables, diseñados para alcanzar una vida útil entre 20 a 35 años, para los cuales es necesario realizar una evaluación de su condición basada en estándares internacionales. Existe evidencia de que algunos transformadores han llegado alcanzar hasta los 60 años de operación, incluyendo un mantenimiento adecuado. En general, según datos históricos, se espera que un transformador de potencia opere satisfactoriamente hasta los 40 a 45 años. La evaluación de un transformador de potencia basado en estándares internacionales reconocidos no ha considerado el contexto operativo y las posibles reparaciones realizadas en este. Por tal motivo, se genera un nivel de incertidumbre para los responsables de la operación, en relación con la expectativa de vida y el deterioro progresivo de la máquina de acuerdo con lo que ofrecen los distintos fabricantes. Por lo tanto, contar con una metodología de evaluación no invasiva se hace cada vez más necesario a fin de contemplar factores relacionados con: i) el sistema de aislamiento del transformador de potencia; y, ii) los datos históricos recopilados del mantenimiento basado en la condición, tanto dieléctrica como el monitoreo en línea de la condición. La metodología debe considerar que el deterioro por el efecto térmico ha sido el principal modo de falla, ya que el aumento de temperatura deteriora progresivamente el sistema de aislamiento, de manera irreversible, mayoritariamente en el papel dieléctrico (que puede provocar un envejecimiento prematuro). En este artículo se propone una metodología novedosa, basada en el cálculo un índice de vida útil residual a partir de su condición dieléctrica y los aspectos operativos. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que la vida residual de un transformador de potencia debe estimarse incluyendo al cálculo su contexto operativo, para considerar sus efectos en los valores estimados.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Oil-immersed power transformers are highly reliable electrical machines, designed to achieve a lifespan of 20 to 35 years, for which it is necessary to assess their condition based on international standards. There is evidence that some transformers have reached up to 60 years of operation, including proper maintenance. In general, based on historical data, a power transformer is expected to operate satisfactorily up to 40 to 45 years. The assessment of a power transformer based on recognized international standards has not considered the operating context and the possible repairs carried out on this. For this reason, a certain uncertainty is generated for those responsible for the operation, in relation to the life expectancy and the progressive deterioration of the machine in accordance with what different manufacturers offer. Therefore, having a non-invasive assessment methodology is becoming increasingly necessary in order to consider factors related to: i) the power transformer insulation system; and, ii) historical data collected from condition-based maintenance, both dielectric and online condition monitoring. The methodology must consider that deterioration due to the thermal effect has been the main failure mode, since the increase in temperature progressively deteriorates the insulation system, irreversibly, mainly in the dielectric paper (which can cause premature aging). This work presents a new methodology based on calculating a residual life span considering its dielectric condition and operational aspects. The results obtained showed that the residual life of a power transformer must be estimated including its operating context in the calculation, in order to consider its effects on the estimated values.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Aceite dieléctrico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[material dieléctrico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[monitoreo de condición]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[prueba de aislamiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[transformador de potencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dielectric oil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[dielectric material]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[condition monitoring]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[insulation test]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[power transformer]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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