<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0379-3982</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Tecnología en Marcha]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología en Marcha]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0379-3982</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0379-39822017000200067</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18845/tm.v30i2.3198</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Inocuidad de cultivos y alimentos biotecnológicos, &#8220;20 años de comercialización&#8221;]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Safety of biotechnological crops and foods, &#8220;20 years of marketing&#8221;]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garro-Monge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Giovanni]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>67</fpage>
<lpage>74</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0379-39822017000200067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0379-39822017000200067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0379-39822017000200067&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La biotecnología ha sido utilizada desde hace miles de años para obtener beneficios para el ser humano. Desde mucho antes los seres humanos han utilizado técnicas como la hibridación, mutagénesis y poliploidía, generando cambios a nivel genético para obtener características deseables Actualmente es posible utilizar la ingeniería genética para modificar o transferir genes de un organismo a otro con el fin de obtener productos con ciertas ventajas respecto a su contraparte convencional. Las técnicas de ingeniería genética se iniciaron desde hace 30 años a nivel de investigación y hace ya 20 años se comercializan a gran escala productos generados mediante ellas. A pesar que se han generado diversas observaciones en cuanto a su inocuidad y bioseguridad por ciertos sectores de la sociedad, a la fecha hay múltiples estudios con gran respaldo científico que garantizan su uso seguro en diversas partes del mundo. En estos se concluye de manera general, que a nivel ambiental y de salud humana, no existen diferencias entre el mejoramiento convencional y el mejoramiento por ingeniería genética. El desarrollo de alimentos mejorados mediante biotecnología está acompañado por estrictas normas de bioseguridad y marcos regulatorios, los cuales involucran análisis de riesgo con pruebas de larga duración para asegurar la inocuidad del alimento.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Biotechnology has been used for thousands of years to obtain benefits for humans. Long before humans have used techniques such as hybridization, mutagenesis and polyploidy, generating changes at the genetic level to obtain desirable characteristics is now possible to use genetic engineering to modify or transfer genes from one organism to another in order to obtain products with certain advantages over its conventional counterpart. Genetic engineering techniques were started 30 years ago at the level of research and 20 years ago generated products are marketed on a large scale through them. Although several observations have been made regarding their safety and biosafety by certain sectors of society, to date there are many studies with great scientific support that guarantee their safe use in many parts of the world. In these we conclude generally that to environmental and human health level, there is no difference between conventional breeding and improvement engineered. The crops and food improvement through biotechnology is accompanied by strict standards and regulatory biosafety frameworks, which involve risk analysis with long-term tests to ensure food safety.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Cultivos transgénicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[alimentos biotecnológicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inocuidad, bioseguridad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ingeniería genética]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hibridación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mutagénesis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[edición génica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[poliploidia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fusión de protoplastos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[GM crops]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biotechnology foods]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[food safety]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biosecurity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[genetic engineering]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hybridization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mutagenesis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gene editing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[polyploidy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[protoplast fusion.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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