<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442025000100029</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v73i1.61984</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ecological Quality Index based on phytoplankton in the lower Magdalena River basin, Northern Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Índice de Calidad Ecológica con base en el fitoplancton en la cuenca baja del río Magdalena, Norte de Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas-Luna]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[René-A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pardo-Castañeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Triple A S.A. E.S.P. Aseguramiento de la Calidad de Agua Grupo de investigación en Agua-GIATA]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Barranquilla]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442025000100029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442025000100029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442025000100029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  The Magdalena River in Colombia has a high anthropic intervention, and this high load of pollutants that enter mainly in the middle and upper basin of its course are becoming increasingly noticeable in the lower basin.  Objective:  This study evaluated the environmental condition of a section of the Magdalena River in the lower basin as it passes through the Department of Atlántico, using the Ecological Quality Index (EQI) based on phytoplankton.  Methods:  Six sampling events were carried out between 2021 and 2022, in order to cover contrasting moments of the hydrological regime, at six monitoring stations on the Western bank of the river. Physicochemical and phytoplankton variables were sampled to establish reference categories based on the EQI.  Results:  Conductivity was determined as the variable that explained the greatest variation in the environmental gradient, generating reference ranges to establish categories of poor, fair and good ecological quality. 77 phytoplankton morphospecies were recorded, of which five were sensitive to the physicochemical conditions of the Magdalena River, with high optimum values and low tolerance limits: Pinnularia sp2, Diatoma sp3, Navicula sp1, Closterium limneticum, C. rostratum.  Conclusions:  In general, the Magdalena River in the Atlántico showed a fair ecological quality condition, which deteriorated even more during the dry periods of the year. The EQI showed a relationship with the proportion of diatom groups and the abundance of phytoplankton, obtaining better quality values when diatoms predominate over the cyanobacteria group and when the abundance of the phytoplankton is relatively low.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  El río Magdalena en Colombia presenta una alta intervención antrópica, y esa carga de contaminantes que ingresan en la cuenca media y alta de su recorrido se hace cada vez más notoria en la cuenca baja.  Objetivo:  Este estudio evaluó la condición ambiental de un tramo del río Magdalena en la cuenca baja en su paso por el departamento del Atlántico, mediante el uso del Índice de Calidad Ecológica (EQI) con base en el fitoplancton.  Métodos:  Se realizaron seis eventos de muestreo entre 2021 y 2022, con el fin de abarcar momentos contrastantes del régimen hidrológico, en seis estaciones de monitoreo sobre la ribera occidental del río. Se tomaron muestras de variables fisicoquímicas y de fitoplancton, para establecer categorías de referencias basadas en el EQI.  Resultados:  La conductividad fue determinada como la variable que explicó la mayor variación del gradiente ambiental, generando rangos de referencia para establecer categorías de deficiente, regular y buena calidad ecológica. Se registraron 77 morfoespecies de fitoplancton, de las cuales cinco fueron sensibles a las condiciones fisicoquímicas del río Magdalena, con altos valores óptimos y bajos límites de tolerancia: Pinnularia sp2, Diatoma sp3, Navicula sp1, Closterium limneticum, C. rostratum.  Conclusiones:  En general, el río Magdalena en el Atlántico mostró una condición de calidad ecológica regular, que se deteriora aún más en los períodos secos del año. El EQI mostró relación con la proporción de grupos de diatomeas y la abundancia del fitoplancton, obteniendo mejores valores de calidad cuando las diatomeas predominan por encima del grupo de las cianobacterias y cuando la abundancia del fitoplancton es relativamente baja.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[algae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bioindicators]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ecosystem condition]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[freshwater]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[water quality.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[algas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bioindicadores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[condición ecosistémica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[agua dulce]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[calidad del agua.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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