<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442023000100009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rev.biol.trop..v71i1.51085</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ontogeny of digestive enzymes in larvae of the Clown Anemonefish, Amphiprion ocellaris (Perciformes: Pomacentridae)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ontogenia de enzimas digestivas en larvas del pez payaso, Amphiprion ocellaris (Perciformes: Pomacentridae)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velasco-Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Alfonso]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De la Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maria Isabel Abdo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Ibarra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luz Estela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ibarra-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leonardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maytorena-Verdugo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Claudia-I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Natividad]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peña Marín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emyr Saul]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C.  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Sinaloa]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas Laboratorio de Fisiología en Recursos Acuáticos]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Tabasco]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Program in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Florida]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Politécnica del Centro  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Villahermosa Tabasco]]></addr-line>
<country>México</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Instituto de Investigaciones Oceanológicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ensenada]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442023000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442023000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442023000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  The Clown anemonefish (Amphiprion ocellaris) is the most popular fish species in the marine aquarium trade; however, there is a lack of information on their digestive physiology during larval ontogeny, valuable information needed for diet design and management protocols.  Objective:  To characterize the early digestive enzymes of A. ocellaris larvae.  Methods:  We used three pools (10 larvae each) and extracted 10 samples per tank, from just before hatching to the 38th day. We analyzed the specific activity of acid and alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, leucine aminopeptidase and lipase; and did acid and alkaline protease zymograms.  Results:  We detected all measured enzymes at hatching. Acid proteases increased in activity until the 38th day. Alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and leucine aminopeptidase had the same pattern, and maximum activity on the 8th day, decreasing at the 38th day. Lipase activity peaked on the 8th and 30th day. The acid zymogram had a single band, appearing on the 8th day. A total of eight alkaline proteases were revealed (154.2, 128.1, 104.0, 59.8, 53.5, 41.9, 36.5 and 25.1 KDa), with seven bands on the 1st day and all bands from the 3rd to 8th day, decreasing at two bands (41.9 and 25.1 KDa) in the 38th day.  Conclusion: A. ocellaris has a functional stomach on the 8th day, and, on the 38th day, a digestive omnivore pattern with a tendency to carnivory.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  El pez payaso (Amphiprion ocellaris) es la especie de pez más popular en el comercio de acuarios marinos; sin embargo, falta información sobre su fisiología digestiva durante la ontogenia larval, información valiosa necesaria para protocolos de diseño y manejo dietético.  Objetivo:  Caracterizar las enzimas digestivas tempranas de larvas de A. ocellaris.  Métodos:  Usamos tres homogenados (con 10 larvas cada uno) y extrajimos 10 muestras por tanque, justo antes de la eclosión hasta el día 38. Analizamos la actividad específica de proteasas ácidas y alcalinas, tripsina, quimotripsina, leucina aminopeptidasa y lipasa; e hicimos zimogramas de proteasas ácidas y alcalinas.  Resultados:  Detectamos todas las enzimas medidas en la eclosión. La actividad de proteasas ácidas incrementó hasta el día 38. Proteasas alcalinas, tripsina, quimotripsina, y leucina aminopeptidasa tuvieron el mismo patrón, con actividad máxima en el octavo día, decreciendo en el día 38. Hubo picos en la actividad lipasa a los ocho y 30 días. El zimograma ácido tuvo una banda única, apareciendo al octavo día. Se hallaron ocho proteasas alcalinas (154.2, 128.1, 104.0, 59.8, 53.5, 41.9, 36.5 y 25.1 KDa), con siete bandas al primer día, y todas las bandas entre el tercer y octavo día, bajando a dos bandas (41.9 y 25.1 KDa) al día 38.  Conclusión: A. ocellaris tiene un estómago funcional al octavo día, y, al día 38, un patrón digestivo omnívoro con tendencias carnívoras.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[digestive development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[early ontogeny]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[electrophoresis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[larvae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[lipases]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[proteases.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desarrollo digestivo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[electroforesis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[larvas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lipasas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ontogenia temprana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[proteasas.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The estimation of pepsin, trypsin, papain and cathepsin with hemoglobin]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of General Physiology]]></source>
<year>1938</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>79-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Types of feeding in the ontogeny of fishes and the life-history model]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Biology of Fishes]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<page-range>11-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epigenesis of an epigeneticist: the development of some alternative concepts on the early ontogeny and evolution of fishes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Guelph Ichthyology Reviews]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>1-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bradford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A rapid and sensitive method for the quantization of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Analytical Biochemistry]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<volume>72</volume>
<page-range>248-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zeng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jerry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cobcroft]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recent advances of marine ornamental fish larviculture: broodstock reproduction, live prey and feeding regimes, and comparison between demersal and pelagic spawners]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reviews in Aquaculture]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1518-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Disc electrophoresis - II Method and application to human serum proteins]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences]]></source>
<year>1964</year>
<volume>121</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>404-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moyano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alarcón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Carreño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarrete del Toro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Characterization of fish acid proteases by substrate-gel electrophoresis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>121</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>369-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Del-Mar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Largman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brodrick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Geokas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A sensitive new substrate for chymotrypsin]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Analytical Biochemistry]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<volume>99</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>316-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delbare]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lavens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sorgeloos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clownfish as a reference model for nutritional experiments and determination of egg/larval quality]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lavens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Fish and Shellfish Larviculture Symposium]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>22-5</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[European Aquaculture Society, Special Publication]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Erlanger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kokowsky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The preparation and properties of two new chromogenic substrates of trypsin]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics]]></source>
<year>1961</year>
<volume>95</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>271-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Carreño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dimes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Substrate-gel electrophoresis for composition and molecular weight of proteinases or proteinaceous proteinase inhibitors]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Analytical Biochemistry]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>214</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>65-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Green]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCormick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ontogeny of the digestive and feeding systems in the anemone fish Amphiprion melanopus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Biology of Fishes]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>61</volume>
<page-range>73-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gordon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaiser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Britz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hecht]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of feed type and age-at-weaning on growth and survival of clownfish Amphiprion percula (Pomacentridae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquarium Science and Conservation]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>215-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gordon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hetch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Histological studies on the development of digestive system of the clownfish Amphiprion percula and the time of weaning]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Applied Ichthyology]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>113-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. N. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waqalevu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Honda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shiozaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kotani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Early ontogenetic development, digestive enzymatic activity and gene expression in red sea bream (Pagrus major)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquaculture]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>512</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. N. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waqalevu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Honda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shiozaki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kotani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An integrative description of the digestive system morphology and function of Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) during early ontogenetic development]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquaculture]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>531</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Das]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghaffar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Growth pattern, diet and reproductive biology of the clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris in waters of Pulau Tioman]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>44</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>233-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Das]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghaffar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gastric emptying and the enzymatic activity in the stomach of Amphiprion ocellaris fed on artificial diet]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Sains Malaysia]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kolkovski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Digestive enzymes in fish larvae and juveniles-implications and applications to formulated diets]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquaculture]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>200</volume>
<page-range>181-201</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laemmli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature]]></source>
<year>1970</year>
<volume>227</volume>
<page-range>680-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lipscomb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yanong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DiMaggio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Histological, histochemical and biochemical characterization of larval digestive system ontogeny in black tetra Gymnocorymbus ternetzi to inform aquaculture weaning protocols]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquaculture]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>520</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ontogenetic development of digestive functionality in golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus 1758)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fish Physiology and Biochemistry]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1157-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Retheesh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Life history pathways in false clown Amphiprion ocellaris Cuvier, 1830: A journey from egg to adult under captive condition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Marine Biological Association of India]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>77-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maroux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Louvard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baratti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The aminopeptidase from hog-intestinal brush border]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biochimica et Biophysica Acta]]></source>
<year>1973</year>
<volume>321</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>282-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nazemroaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yazdanparast]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nematollahi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farahmand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirzadeh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ontogenetic development of digestive enzymes in Sobaity sea bream Sparidentex hasta larvae under culture condition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquaculture]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>448</volume>
<page-range>545-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivotto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Planas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simoes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Advances in breeding and rearing marine ornamentals]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the World Aquaculture Society]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>135-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Önal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Langdon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Çelik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[&#304;.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ontogeny of the digestive tract of larval percula clownfish, Amphiprion percula (Lacépède 1802): A histological perspective]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquaculture Research]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>1077-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peñaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A general framework of fish ontogeny: A review of the ongoing debate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Folia Zoologica-Praha]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>241-56</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Putra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abol-Munafi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muchlisin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Preliminary studies on morphology and digestive tract development of tomato clownfish, Amphiprion frenatus under captive condition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation &amp; Legislation]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>29-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Ibarra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdo-de la Parra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Velasco-Blanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguilar-Zárate]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desarrollo osteológico de la columna vertebral y del complejo caudal de larvas del pez payaso Amphiprion ocellaris (Pomacentridae) en condiciones de cultivo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Marina y Oceanografía]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>113-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rohini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. M. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Neethu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Larval development and growth of red saddleback Anemonefish, Amphiprion ephippium, (Bloch, 1790) under captive conditions]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Indian Journal of Geo-Marine Sciences]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>2421-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rønnestad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yúfera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ueberschär]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sæle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ø.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boglione]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Feeding behaviour and digestive physiology in larval fish: Current knowledge, and gaps and bottlenecks in research]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reviews in Aquaculture]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>S59-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Logeux]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Trouillard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pillot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magré]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lecchini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Besseau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laudet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A star is born again: Methods for larval rearing of an emerging model organism, the false clownfish Amphiprion ocellaris]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Experimental Zoology B]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>336</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>376-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McLean]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Craig]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pepsin ontogeny and stomach development in larval cobia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquaculture]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>324-325</volume>
<page-range>315-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ryu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ontogenetic digestive physiology and expression of nutrient transporters in Anguilla japonica larvae]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquaculture Reports]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>25</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Systat Software Inc.</collab>
<source><![CDATA[SigmaPlot]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San Jose California, USA. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Systa Software Inc.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Versaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuppett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Winters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Winters]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[An improved colorimetric assay for bacterial lipase in nonfat dry milk]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Food Science]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1557-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Proteinases: Methods with hemoglobin, casein and azocoll as substrates]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergmeyern]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. U.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Methods of enzymatic analysis]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<page-range>270-7</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Chemic Weinham]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osborn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The reliability of molecular weight determinations by dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Biological Chemistry]]></source>
<year>1969</year>
<volume>244</volume>
<numero>16</numero>
<issue>16</issue>
<page-range>4406-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. F. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[1-Morphological diversity of the gastrointestinal tract in fishes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fish Physiology]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>1-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yúfera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moyano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The digestive function in developing fish larvae and fry. From molecular gene expression to enzymatic activity]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yúfera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Emerging Issues in Fish Larvae Research]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>51-86</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yasir]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Embryology and early ontogeny of an anemonefish Amphiprion ocellaris]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1025-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zambonino-Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cahu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ontogeny of the gastrointestinal tract of marine fish larvae]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>130</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>477-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zambonino-Infante]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cahu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dietary modulation of some digestive enzymes and metabolic processes in developing marine fish: Applications to diet formulation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquaculture]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>268</volume>
<page-range>98-105</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
