<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0001-6002</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Médica Costarricense]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta méd. costarric]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0001-6002</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0001-60022021000200104</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Costa Rican children]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Prevalencia de la deficiencia de vitamina D en niños de Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solano-Barquero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Melissa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas-Soto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brenes-Glenn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ariel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holst-Schumacher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ileana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Costa Rica Faculty of Microbiolo- gy Clinical Analysis Department]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Costa Rica Health and Welfa- re Office Clinical Laboratory]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Costa Rica Faculty of Microbiology Clinical Analysis Department]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Costa Rica Faculty of Microbiology Clinical Analysis Department]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>104</fpage>
<lpage>113</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0001-60022021000200104&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0001-60022021000200104&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0001-60022021000200104&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective:  To determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children in the South- Central Region of Costa Rica.  Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with Costa Rican children aged 1-7 years from the South-Central Region of the country belonging to the Nutrition and Education Centers and Children&#8217;s Nutrition and Comprehensive Care Centers. Serum samples were collected from all participants between August 2014 and May 2016 and stored at -80 ° C. Vitamin D status was assessed by immunoassay on an ARCHITECT Plus i1000 instrument. Descriptive statistics were performed with the SPSS statistical software package (V20, IBM Corp). A value of p&#706;0.05 was considered significant. Spearman and Pearson correlation were also performed to study the association between vitamin D status, anthropometric and hematological variables.  Results: A total of 428 sampleswere analyzed.According to the cut-off points establishedby the Endocrine Society, 4.9% of the children tested presented deficiency, 50.2% had insufficiency and 44.9% had vitamin D sufficiency. The mean concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the studied population was 29.7 ng/mL (SD 6.5) in boys and 29.8 ng/mL (SD 7.0) in girls. A high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (55.1 %) was found, but only 7.9 % of the children presented 25-hydroxyvitamin D &#8804; 20 ng/mL. No correlation was found between vitamin D status and any of the evaluated anthropometric or hematological variables.  Conclusions:  More than half of the young population presented hypovitaminosis-D. Therefore, in order to overcome this situation, the recommendation is to supplement the population with vitamin D and improve its fortification in widespread accessible food in Costa Rica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Objetivo:  Determinar la prevalencia de la deficiencia de vitamina D en niños de la Región Central Sur de Costa Rica.  Métodos:  Se realizó un estudio transversal con niños de 1-7 años de la Región Central Sur de Costa Rica pertenecientes a los Centros de Educación y Nutrición y Centros de Atención Integral y Nutrición Infantil. Se recolectaron muestras de suero de todos los participantes entre agosto de 2014 y mayo de 2016 y se almacenaron a -80 ° C hasta su uso. Se evaluó las concentraciones de vitamina D mediante un inmunoensayo con el instrumento ARCHITECT Plus i1000. Los análisis estadísticos descriptivos se realizaron con el paquete de software estadístico SPSS (V20, IBM Corp). Se consideró significativo un valor de p &lt;0,05. También se realizó la correlación de Spearman y Pearson para estudiar la asociación entre el estatus de vitamina D con variables antropométricas y hematológicas.  Resultados:  Se analizaron un total de 428 muestras. Un 4,9% de los niños presentaban deficiencia, 50,2% insuficiencia y el 44,9% suficiencia de vitamina D, según los puntos de corte establecidos por Endocrine Society. La concentración media de 25-hidroxi vitamina D en la población estudiada fue de 29,7 ng/mL (DE 6,5) en niños y de 29,8 ng/ mL (DE 7,0) en niñas. Se encontró una alta prevalencia de hipovitaminosis D (55,1%), pero solo el 7,9% de los niños presentó 25- hidroxi vitamina D &#8804; 20 ng/mL. No se encontró correlación del estatus de vitamina D con ninguna de las variables antropométricas o hematológicas evaluadas.  Conclusiones:  Más de lamitad de la población infantil evaluada presentó hipovitaminosis D. Por lo tanto, se recomienda suplementar y mejorar la fortificación con vitamina D en alimentos ampliamente accesibles en la población costarricense.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[children]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vitamin D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vitamin D deficiency]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[prevalence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Costa Rica.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[niños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vitamina D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[deficiencia vitamina D]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[prevalencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Costa Rica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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