<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-454X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Espiga]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Espiga]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-454X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED)]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-454X2023000100343</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22458/re.v22i45.4813</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Pedagogical Mediation in the English Phonemic Awareness Class in First through Third Grades of Costa Rican Public Education]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[La mediación pedagógica en la clase de conciencia fonética del inglés en los grados primero a tercero de la educación pública costarricense]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="fr"><![CDATA[La médiation pédagogique dans la classe de conscience phonétique d'anglais dans les cours de CE1 à CM1 de l'éducation publique costaricienne]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elizondo-Mejías]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jonathan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calderón-Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Roxy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>45</numero>
<fpage>343</fpage>
<lpage>362</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-454X2023000100343&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-454X2023000100343&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-454X2023000100343&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Según el programa de estudios de inglés para primaria (I y II Ciclos), el enfoque pedagógico que prevalece es el «Action Oriented Approach». El Ministerio de Educación Pública (MEP) orienta la labor docente y fundamenta el desarrollo las habilidades de lectura y escritura a través de la conciencia fonémica. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en dos Direcciones Regionales de Educación: San José Central y San José Norte. Se analizó la efectividad de la metodología utilizada por los docentes de inglés de primero a tercer grado (I Ciclo) y se diseñaron tres talleres para potenciar la mediación pedagógica de la conciencia fonémica. El principal hallazgo fue la brecha entre el enfoque planteado en el programa de estudios de inglés, en términos de conciencia fonémica y el desarrollo de actividades didácticas, «Task Cycle», para fortalecer los procesos de lectura y escritura en los primeros años de la educación formal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract According to the Ministry of Public Education's (MEP) English teaching syllabus for elementary school (first cycle grades 1 to 3 and second cycle grades 4 to 6), the pedagogical approach that is prevalent to achieve the national goal is the Action-Oriented Approach. In concordance to MEP's theoretical support, it is through the phonemic awareness development that English teachers must introduce the reading and writing skills. This study took place in two Educational Regions: San José Central and San José Norte. The researchers analyzed the effectiveness of the methodology used by first through third grade (First Cycle) English teachers and designed three workshops to enhance their pedagogical mediation of phonemic awareness. The main finding was a gap between the approach stated in the new English program in terms of the phonological awareness and the development of best practices in the didactic plan, «Task Cycle», to scaffold young learners' process of reading and writing.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[Résumé D'après le programme d'études d'anglais pour l'école primaire (Ier et IIème cycles), la Perspective actionnelle est l'approche qui s'impose. Le Ministère de l'Éducation Publique (MEP) guide le travail de l'enseignant et fournit comme base la conscience phonémique pour le développement des habiletés de lecture. Cette recherche a été réalisé dans deux Directions Régionales de l'Education: San José Central et San José Norte. L'étude a analysé l'effectivité de la méthodologie employée par les enseignants d'anglais de CE1 à CM1 (Ier cycle) et on a conçu trois ateliers pour renforcer la médiation pédagogique de la conscience phonémique. La principale découverte a été l'écart existant entre l'approche privilégiée dans le programme d'études, en ce qui concerne la conscience phonémique, et le développement des activités didactiques (le «cycle de la tâche») pour renforcer les processus de lecture et d'écriture dans les premières années de l'enseignement formel.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Foreign Language Instruction]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Language Development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Phonology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Professional Training]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Teaching Methods.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Desarrollo del lenguaje]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enseñanza de una lengua extranjera]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fonología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Formación de profesionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Métodos de enseñanza.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[développement du langage]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Enseignement des langues étrangères]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Formation des professionnelles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[Méthodes d'enseignement.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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