<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-2504</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Forestal Mesoamericana Kurú]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Kurú]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-2504</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-25042023000100044</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18845/rfmk.v20i46.6603</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estudio fenológico de Caesalpinia ebano (H. Karst) en el Valle medio del Sinú, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Phenological study of Caesalpinia ebano (H. Karst) in the middle Valley of Sinú, Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Falla-Guzman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cindy Katherine]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Atencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Judith del Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Vitola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jose Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garrido-Pineda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jeyson Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berrio-Guzmán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emel Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zuluaga-Peláez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jhon Jairo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) Centro de Investigación Turipaná ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) Centro de Investigación Nataima ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>46</numero>
<fpage>44</fpage>
<lpage>50</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-25042023000100044&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-25042023000100044&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-25042023000100044&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen En el Caribe Colombiano, las áreas de bosque seco han sido vulneradas por ampliación de la frontera agrícola, entre otras actividades antrópicas, generando presión sobre especies vegetales nativas de este ecosistema, con el consecuente peligro de pérdida de biodiversidad. El conocimiento de los procesos biológicos de especies vegetales orienta el manejo para la conservación de estas. Por lo anterior, este estudio evaluó el proceso fenológico de la especie Caesalpinia ebano (H. Karst) en condiciones de bosque seco ubicados en la Región Caribe Colombiana. Se seleccionaron árboles dispersos en la región y se llevaron registros fenológicos durante un año. Se evaluaron cinco etapas o fenofases: floración en botón, frutos verdes (en inicio y pleno desarrollo), frutos maduros (color marrón) brote de hojas y hojas adultas. Se encontró que durante el tiempo de muestreo la especie expreso dos momentos en etapa reproductiva, siendo el segundo periodo donde la floración en botón, frutos verdes en pleno desarrollo y frutos maduros alcanzaron sus máximos valores con un 53,3 %, 80 % y 65 % respectivamente. Para el caso de las fases vegetativas evaluadas (hojas adultas y brotación de hojas nuevas), los mayores registros de hojas adultas se evidenciaron en el primer trimestre del año, que correspondieron a los meses con menor precipitación, durante el mes de mayo se registró el mayor porcentaje de brotación de hojas de nuevas con un 86,7 % siendo este uno de los meses con mayor precipitación. El comportamiento de las fases fenológicas estuvo condicionado por las variables climáticas precipitación y temperatura, principalmente.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The dry forests sections of the Caribbean region in Colombia have been disturbed due to the expansion of the agricultural frontier, among other anthropic activities, generating pressure on native plant species of this ecosystem and biodiversity loss threat. Information of the plant species biological processes guides management for their conservation. Therefore, this study evaluated phenological process of the Caesalpinia ebano (H. Karst) in dry forest of the Caribbean Region in Colombia. Scattered trees were selected and phenological records were collected for one year. Five stages or phenophases were evaluated: flowering buds, green fruits (at initial stages and fully developed), ripe fruits (reddish), leaf buds and mature leaves. It was found that during the sampling time the species showed two reproductive peaks, being the second peak where flowering buds, fully developed green fruits, and ripe fruits reached their maximum values with 53.3 %, 80 % and 65 % respectively. Regarding the vegetative phases (mature leaves and leaf flush), highest records of mature leaves were observed in the first quarter of the year, which corresponded to driest months. In May, we observed the highest percentage of leaf flush (i.e., 86.7 %) and this corresponds to the peak of rainfall throughout the year. The phenological phases were influenced mainly by the climatic variables, precipitation, and temperature.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Phenology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[flowering]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fruiting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[climatic variables.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Fenología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[floración]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fructificación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[variables climáticas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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