<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-4266</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Investigación UNED]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Investigación UNED]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-4266</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-42662022000100015</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22458/urj.v14i1.4213</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[The snowflake soft coral Carijoa riisei (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) in Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Breedy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Odalisca]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Escuela de Biología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Escuela de Biología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-42662022000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-42662022000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-42662022000100015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN ''El coral blando copo de nieve Carijoa riisei (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) en Costa Rica'' Introducción: Carijoa riisei (Clavulariidae) se encuentra alrededor del mundo en aguas tropicales. Es considerado como una especie invasora en algunas localidades. Un ejemplar fue colectado entre mareas en la región superior del estuario del Golfo de Nicoya, costa Pacífica de Costa Rica. La colección del Museo de Zoología de la Universidad de Costa Rica (MZUCR) incluye otros especímenes identificados como C. riisei. Objetivo: Identificar el ejemplar y elaborar una lista de registros del MZUCR. Métodos: El coral fue mantenido en agua de mar para permitir la observación de los pólipos abiertos. Las escleritas fueron estudiadas bajo el microscopio electrónico de barrido. Se preparó una lista de los registros del MZUCR. Resultados: Las morfologías de la colonia y de las escleritas son similares a las descritas para C. riisei. El MZUCR incluye 50 registros de C. riisei a lo largo de la costa del Pacífico y en la Isla del Coco. Conclusiones: Pendiente de corroboración genética, identificamos el espécimen como Carijoa riisei con base en su morfología. La mayoría de los registros del MZUCR son de hace una década o más. Una evaluación de la presencia de este coral en las costas del Pacifico y Caribe es necesario para establecer mejor su papel ecológico actual en Costa Rica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Introduction: Carijoa riisei (Clavulariidae) is found throughout the world in tropical waters and is considered an invasive species at certain locations. A specimen was collected intertidally in the upper Gulf of Nicoya estuary, Pacific coast of Costa Rica. The collection of the Museum of Zoology of the University of Costa Rica (MZUCR) includes additional specimens identified as C. riisei. Objective: To identify the specimen and list the MZUCR records for the Pacific coast. Methods: The coral was kept in sea water to allow observation of open polyps. The sclerites were studied under a scanning electron microscope. A list of MZUCR records was assembled. Results: The morphologies of the colony and sclerites are similar to those described for C. riisei. The MZUCR includes 50 records of C. riisei along the Pacific coast and at Coco Island. Conclusions: Based on morphology, the specimen is identified as Carijoa riisei, but genetic studies are desirable. Most of the UCRMZ records are from a decade or more ago. An evaluation of the presence of this coral in both the Pacific and Caribbean coasts is needed to better establish its present ecological role in Costa Rica.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Eastern Tropical Pacific]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[invasive species]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biodiversity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[estuary]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Clavulariidae]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Pacífico Este Tropical]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[especie invasora]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biodiversidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estuario]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Clavulariidae]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Invasion of snow flake coral Carijoa riisei (Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1860) in Indian seas: Threats to coral reef ecosystem]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1403-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
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</back>
</article>
