<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-4266</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Investigación UNED]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Investigación UNED]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-4266</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-42662019000200054</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22458/urj.v11i2.2200</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La plaga de langostas Schistocerca sp. (Orthoptera: Acridae) y su relación con el Mega Niño de 1877-1878 en Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz Bolaños]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ronald Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfaro Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eric J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leitón Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leninger]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Centro de Investigaciones Geofísicas Escuela de Estudios Generales]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>54</fpage>
<lpage>64</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-42662019000200054&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-42662019000200054&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-42662019000200054&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Introducción: las plagas de langostas se han registrado durante miles de años y fueron temidas por muchas sociedades. Objetivo: evaluar si las langostas que afectaron a Costa Rica en el siglo XIX estaban relacionadas con el Mega Niño de 1877-1878. Métodos: verificamos los archivos en el Congreso, Gobierno, Municipios y Policía de Costa Rica. Resultados: Guanacaste reportó nubes de langostas en junio de 1876 y en los meses siguientes los informes se extendieron a gran parte del país (en menor medida en Limón). La plaga afectó principalmente al Corredor Seco Centroamericano (CSC) cuando el Mega-Niño se estaba desarrollando. Conclusión: los datos meteorológicos apoyan la hipótesis de que las condiciones generadas por el Mega Niño favorecieron la propagación de langostas que dañaron significativamente la agricultura. La plaga fue combatida por el ejército y, con oraciones, por la iglesia, hasta que se trasladó a Colombia.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT &#8220;The locust Schistocerca sp. (Orthoptera: Acridae) plague and its relationship with the Mega Niño of 1877-1878 in Costa Rica&#8221;. Introduction: locust plagues have been recorded for thousands of years and were feared by many societies. Objective: to assess if the locusts that affected Costa Rica in the 19th century were related with the Mega-Niño of 1877-1878. Methods: we checked files in the Costa Rican Congress, Governance, Municipalities and Police Force. Results: clouds of locusts were reported from Guanacaste in June 1876 and in the following months the reports spread to a large part of the country, with a lesser extent in Limón. The plague affected mainly the Central American Dry Corridor (CADC) while the Mega-Niño was developing. Conclusion: meteorological data support the hypothesis that conditions generated by the Mega-Niño favored the propagation of locusts that significant damaged agriculture. The pest was combated by the army and, by the church, with prayers, until it moved to Colombia.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Costa Rica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[history]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[climate]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[El Niño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[environment]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[agriculture]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[locusts]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Costa Rica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[historia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[clima]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[El Niño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[medio ambiente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[agricultura]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[langostas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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