<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-1321</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Mesoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-1321</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-13212020000300761</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/am.v31i3.39361</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efecto preemergente del extracto de Pinus sp., en Arthraxon quartinianus (A. Rich.), en invernadero]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Preemergence activity in the greenhouse on Arthraxon quartinianus, of an extract from Pinus sp.]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Portuguez-García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mary Pamela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agüero-Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Renán]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Lutz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Isabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>761</fpage>
<lpage>767</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-13212020000300761&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-13212020000300761&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-13212020000300761&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Introducción. El extracto de pino puede presentar actividad herbicida. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto preemergente de un extracto de Pinus sp. en invernadero. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron dos experimentos en el invernadero K de la Estación Experimental Agrícola Fabio Baudrit Moreno (EEAFBM), Universidad de Costa Rica, el primero en el mes de julio y el segundo entre setiembre y octubre del 2018. En el primero se evaluó el efecto preemergente del pino, con y sin adherente añadido al caldo de aspersión, sobre Arthraxon quartinianus (A. Rich.) y un banco de semillas que contenía diferentes especies; en el segundo experimento se evaluó el efecto preemergente del pino sobre Amaranthus sp., Ischaemum rugosum Salisb., arroz (Oryza sativa), pepino (Cucumis sativus) y un banco de semillas. En ambos experimentos se asperjó una formulación de extracto de pino al 15 % (3,75 kg i.a. ha-1). En ambos experimentos se contó el número de plántulas emergidas, en el primero se anotó a los nueve días después de la aspersión (dda) y en el segundo a los 17 dda. Resultados. El efecto preemergente sobre especies de hoja ancha no fue significativo, pero si lo fue para A. quartinianus (A. Rich.) (p=0,0009). El adherente redujo el efecto del extracto de pino sobre A. quartinianus (A. Rich.) (p=0,0116) y sobre otras especies de hojas angostas (p=0,0398). Se produjo un aumento de la germinación de las malezas procedentes del banco de semillas, 121 % para las especies de hoja ancha en general y 92 % para el Amaranthus sp. (p=0,013); además, el adherente aumentó la germinación de las semillas de arroz en un 34 % (p&lt;0,0001). Conclusiones. En invernadero solo hubo efecto preemergente significativo del pino para la arvense A. quartinianus (A. Rich.). El extracto de pino aumentó la germinación de varias especies.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Introduction. The pine extract may have herbicidal activity to other plants, affecting seed emergence. Objective. To evaluate the pre-emergent effect of a Pinus sp. extract in a greenhouse. Materials and methods. Two experiments were carried out in the K greenhouse of the Fabio Baudrit Moreno Agricultural Experimental Station (EEAFBM), Universidad de Costa Rica, the first in July and the second between September and October 2018. In the first one, the pre-emergent effect of pine extract, with and without added adherent to the spraying broth, on Arthraxon quartinianus (A. Rich.) and a seed bank containing different species were evaluated; in the second experiment the pre-emergent effect of pine on Amaranthus sp., Ischaemum rugosum Salisb., rice (Oryza sativa), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), and a seed bank was evaluated. For both experiments, a 15 % formulation of pine extract (3.75 kg a.i. ha-1) was sprayed. In both experiments, the number of seedlings emerged was counted, in the first experiment it was recorded at nine days after spraying (das) and in the second at 17 das. Results.The pre-emergent effect on broad-leaved species was not significant, but it was for A. quartinianus (A. Rich.) (p=0,0009). The adherent reduced the effect of the pine extract on A. quartinianus (A. Rich.) (p=0,0116) and other species (p=0,0398). There was an increase in the germination of weeds coming from the seed bank, 121 % for broad-leaved species in general, 92 % for Amaranthus sp. (p=0,013). Besides, the adherent increased the germination of rice seeds by 34 % (p&lt;0,0001). Conclusions. In a greenhouse there was only a significant pre-emergent effect of pine for the weed A. quartinianus (A. Rich.). The pine extract increased the germination of several species.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[herbicidas naturales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[banco de semillas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ischaemum rugosum Salisb.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sustancias alelopáticas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[natural herbicides]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[seed bank]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ischaemum rugosum Salisb.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[allelopathic substances]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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