<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-1321</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Mesoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-1321</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-13212019000200313</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/am.v30i2.33938</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Percepciones de cambio climático y respuestas adaptativas de pequeños agricultores en dos paisajes guatemaltecos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Climate change perceptions and adaptive responses of small-scale farmers in two Guatemalan landscapes]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viguera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bárbara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alpízar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harvey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Celia A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. Ruth]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saborío-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Milagro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Contreras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lucía]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (CATIE)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (CATIE).  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Conservation International, Moore Center for Science  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Estados Unidos</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Ambiente (PNUMA)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Panamá</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Sussex  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Reino Unido</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>313</fpage>
<lpage>331</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-13212019000200313&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-13212019000200313&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-13212019000200313&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Introducción. Se espera que, a consecuencia del cambio climático, cultivos como el café (Coffea arabica L.), maíz (Zea mays) y frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) sean menos productivos en América Central. Esto perjudicará la economía regional y los medios de vida de los pequeños productores, quienes dependen de estos cultivos para su seguridad alimentaria y bienestar. Es necesario entender cómo el cambio climático está afectando a los pequeños productores agrícolas en Guatemala para promover medidas que permitan enfrentar estos cambios. Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue caracterizar dos sistemas agrícolas de pequeña escala guatemaltecos, documentar cómo los pequeños productores perciben los impactos del cambio climático e identificar los esfuerzos de adaptación realizados. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron encuestas estructuradas en hogares productores de café o granos básicos en los paisajes de Acatenango y Chiquimula, vulnerables al cambio climático, entre junio y julio de 2014. La investigación recogió las percepciones de los productores sobre cambios en temperatura y lluvia, los impactos reportados como consecuencia de dichos cambios y las acciones implementadas en las fincas a modo de respuesta. Resultados. Los resultados indicaron que el 95 % de los encuestados percibió cambios en el clima en la última década y el 81 % consideró que estos cambios afectaron negativamente su producción. El 41 % de los productores implementaron prácticas para adaptarse a los cambios percibidos, en mayor medida aquellos que producen café. Las prácticas de adaptación implementadas en las fincas difirieron entre paisajes, cultivos y cambio percibido, siendo la más utilizada la siembra de árboles para amortiguar los efectos del incremento de temperatura. Conclusión. Para lograr una mayor respuesta adaptativa de los pequeños productores y para promover el uso de prácticas que incrementen su resiliencia, es necesario incrementar el apoyo técnico, financiero y político orientado a facilitar la adaptación de los pequeños productores ante el cambio climático.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Introduction. The productivity of certain crops such as coffee (Coffea arabica L.), maize (Zea mays) and beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is expected to decline in Central America because of climate change. This will impact regional economies and livelihoods of smallholder farmers relying on these crops for their food security and livelihoods. There is a need to understand how climate change is already impacting smallholder farmers in Guatemala in order to promote adaptation measures that will allow them to face these impacts. Objective. The objectives of this study were to characterize two Guatemalan small-scale agricultural systems, describe farmers&#8217; perceptions of climate change and impacts, and document their adaptation efforts. Materials and methods. Structured surveys were carried out in households growing coffee or basic grains in Acatenango and Chiquimula landscapes, two climate change vulnerable landscapes, between June and July 2014. The research was based on farmers&#8217; perceptions of changes in temperature and rainfall, the impacts related to these changes, and the adaptation actions implemented in response to perceived changes. Results. Results indicated that 95% of farmers perceived changes in climate, and 81% of them considered these changes to have negatively affected their production. Only 41% of farmers had implemented measures to adapt to these changes, mainly those farmers growing coffee. The implemented adaptation measures differed between landscapes , crops, and usefulness against perceived change with tree planting being the most common adaptation practice to buffer against temperature increases. Conclusion. In order to improve the adaptive response ofsmallholder farmers and to promote the use of practices that increase resilience, it is neecessaryto provide more technical, financial and political support to facilitate the adaptation of small farmers facing climate change.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[adaptación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[café]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[granos básicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[manejo de finca]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[percepción de cambio climático]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[basic grains]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[coffee]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[adaptation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[farm management]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[climate change perception]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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