<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-1321</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Mesoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-1321</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-13212015000200345</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/am.v26i2.19328</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Actividad Antifúngica de Extractos de Tres Especies de Líquenes en Cuba]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Antifungal activity of extracts from three species of lichens in Cuba]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaillant-Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daymara Idonay]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez-Peralta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marlene]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romeu-Carballo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rebeca]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porras-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Angela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal (INISAV)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Playa La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>CU</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Michoacana San Nicolás de Hidalgo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Morelia Michoacán]]></addr-line>
<country>MX</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal (INISAV)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Playa La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>CU</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal (INISAV)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Playa La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>CU</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto de Investigaciones de Sanidad Vegetal (INISAV)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Playa La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>CU</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2015</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>345</fpage>
<lpage>350</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-13212015000200345&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-13212015000200345&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-13212015000200345&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen:El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la actividad fungicida de los extractos de tres especies de líquenes. De las especies Leptogium cyanescens, Physcia americana y Pyxine aff. cocoes fueron colectados extractos del talo liquénico en el año 2009, en áreas del Jardín Botánico de Cienfuegos, Cuba. La actividad fungicida fue evaluada en hongos fitopatógenos de papa;Rhizoctonia solani y Phytophthora nicotianae var parasitica. El estudio se realizó en el periodo comprendido del 2009-2011. Los compuestos se extrajeron con acetona, se concentraron por rotoevaporación, y se evaluaron a concentraciones de 0,01 y 0,07% en medio de cultivo agar papa dextrosa (PDA), para lo cual se preparó una solución madre al 5% en dimetisufóxido. Los extractos se clasificaron por su toxicidad como: tóxico, ligero y moderadamente tóxico e inocuo. El extracto de P. americana al 0,07% inhibió 100% a P. nicotianae, y frente a R. solani manifestó valores por encima de 50%. L. cyanescens solo mostró actividad fungicida en ambos fitopatógenos a la mayor concentración estudiada; resultados similares se obtuvieron con el extracto de P. aff. cocoes. Los extractos liquénicos se clasificaron como ligeramente tóxicos a la mayor concentración e inocuos a la menor concentración probada.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract:The objective of this work was to evaluate the antifungal activity of the three lichens extracts. Extracts from Leptogium cyanescens, Physcia americanaand Pyxine aff. cocoes were collected from the lichens thallus in 2009 in areas fromo the Cienfuegos Botanic Garden, Cuba. The fungicide activity was evaluated against phytopathogens fungi of potato: Rhizoctonia solani andPhytophthora nicotianae var parasitica. The study was conducted from 2009 to 2011. The compounds were extracted with acetone, concentrated by rotoevaporation, and evaluated at concentrations of 0,01 and 0,07% in potato dextrose agar (PDA) culture medium; stock solution was made of 5% dimethilsufoxide. These extracts were classified by their toxicity as: toxic, slight and moderately toxic and harmless. The extracts from P. americana of 0,07% inhibited P. nicotianae 100%, and it showed values over 50% for R. solani. L. cyanescens only showed fungicide activity in both phytopathogens at the maximum concentration studied; similar results were obtained with the extract from P. aff. cocoes. The lichens extracts were classified as lightly toxic at the maximum concentration, and harmless at the minimum concentration.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[metabolitos liquénicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[actividad antibiótica en líquenes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hongos fitopatógenos en papa.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[lichen metabolites]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[lichen antibiotic activity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[phytopathogens fungi of potato.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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