<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0379-3982</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Tecnología en Marcha]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología en Marcha]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0379-3982</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0379-39822021000400163</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18845/tm.v34i4.</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[On the review of electronic technologies applied to implantable medical devices]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ronny]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madrigal-Boza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solera-Bolaños]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edgar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siddiqi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Muhammad Ali]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Strydis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfonso]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rimolo-Donadio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Renato]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica Escuela de Ingeniería Electrónica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica Escuela de Ingeniería Electrónica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Erasmus Medica Center  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rotterdam ]]></addr-line>
<country>The Netherlands</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Erasmus Medica Center  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Rotterdam ]]></addr-line>
<country>The Netherlands</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>163</fpage>
<lpage>174</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0379-39822021000400163&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0379-39822021000400163&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0379-39822021000400163&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El desarrollo de dispositivos médicos implantables electrónicos (IMD) ha ido en aumento a lo largo de los años, apuntando a aplicaciones muy diversas e implementando diferentes tecnologías. El impacto de los IMD en el tratamiento de diferentes dolencias como la enfermedad de Parkinson, discapacidad auditiva, arritmia cardíaca y dolor crónico, entre muchos otros, ha sido notorio e inspiró su exploración para tratar otros problemas de salud. Incluso cuando hay un gran interés en la comunidad científica por la exploración y el progreso de los IMD no hay normas que gobiernen su desarrollo y hay una gran divergencia entre los dispositivos destinados a diferentes aplicaciones, por lo que el proceso de análisis del avance y las tendencias del desarrollo del área desde el punto de vista técnico se hace complejo debido a que implica la exploración de fuentes diversas, las cuales describen sistemas heterogéneos. En este artículo creamos una base de datos abierta que recopila información de más de 200 obras publicadas en un período de 1974 a 2018 en el campo de los dispositivos médicos implantables electrónicos con el fin de permitir a los investigadores encontrar tendencias y explorar el desarrollo de los IMD desde una perspectiva más amplia, también utilizamos esta base de datos para explorar algunas tendencias generales en el diseño de los IMD.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The development of electronic implantable medical devices (IMD) has been increasing over the years, targeting very diverse applications and implementing different technologies. The impact of IMDs in the treatment of different ailments like Parkinson&#8217;s disease, hearing impairment, heart arrhythmia, and chronic pain, among many others, has been notorious and inspired their exploration to treat other health problems. Even when there is great interest in the scientific community for the exploration and development of IMDs, no standards are ruling its development. This lack of standardization is the reason why the analysis of the tendencies of this area from the technical point of view becomes complex. The analysis of the tendencies in the development of IMD devices required the exploration of diverse sources, which describe heterogeneous systems using very different approaches and methodologies for similar problems. In this paper an open SQL database intended for collecting information from IMD publications is presented; at this point, more than 200 published works are feed in the database covering a period from 1974 to 2018. This database is extensible and enables researchers to find trends and explore the development of IMDs from a broader perspective. We also used this database as a proof of concept to explore some general trends in the design of IMDs based on the included works.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Dispositivos biomédicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[dispositivos médicos implantables (IMD)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[electrónica médica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microelectrónica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[tecnología sanitaria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Biomedical devices]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[implantable medical devices (IMDs)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[medical electronics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microelectronics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[health technology]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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