<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442021000600246</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rbt.v69is2.48321</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Residency of bull sharks, Carcharhinus leucas (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae), at San Pedrillo Islet in Islas Murciélago, North Pacific of Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Residencia del tiburón toro, Carcharhinus leucas, (Carcharhiniformes: Carcharhinidae) en el islote de San Pedrillo, Islas Murciélago, Pacífico Norte de Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Garro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ilena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Asociación Conservacionista Misión Tiburón  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Playas del Coco Guanacaste]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>69</volume>
<fpage>246</fpage>
<lpage>255</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442021000600246&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442021000600246&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442021000600246&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  The bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, is particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic actions because of its permanence in coastal ecosystems; populations depletion is registered in different places around the world. Aggregations of bull sharks have been reported in the North Pacific of Costa Rica, at Islas Murciélago, within the Guanacaste Conservation Area.  Objective:  To study the residency of bull sharks at San Pedrillo islet, Islas Murciélago.  Methods:  During the study period (June 2013 to February 2015) we used passive telemetry to tag 10 bull sharks.  Results:  All the sharks tagged were females, they were detected on 59 798 occasions by the acoustic receiver deployed in San Pedrillo. Acoustic signals from tagged sharks were received for a total period of 1 to 229 days (mean = 73.9 ± 71.3 days), with the last detections occurring on 9 January 2015. The Residency Index for each tagged shark across the entire monitoring period ranged from 0.41 to 1.00. The bull shark activity showed a significant pattern throughout the day at the receiver that specifically corresponded with the daily light cycle.  Conclusions:  This study concludes that San Pedrillo is an aggregation site (cleaning station) for bull sharks (C. leucas), possibly related to reproduction and not feeding behaviors.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  El tiburón toro (Carcharhinus leucas) es una especie tropical y subtropical que habita ríos, estuarios y aguas costeras.  Objetivo:  Estudiar la residencia del tiburón toro en San Perdillo, Islas Murciélago, Área de Conservación Guanacaste.  Métodos:  Durante el período de estudio (junio de 2013 a febrero de 2015) se marcaron 10 tiburones toro con telemetría acústica en San Pedrillo.  Resultados:  Los tiburones marcados fueron todos hembras y fueron detectados en 59 798 ocasiones por el receptor acústico desplegado en San Pedrillo. Las señales acústicas de los tiburones marcados se recibieron durante un período total de 1 a 229 días (media = 73.9 ± 71.3 días), y las últimas detecciones ocurrieron el 9 de enero de 2015. El índice de residencia de cada tiburón marcado durante todo el período de seguimiento osciló entre 0.41 y 1.00. La actividad del tiburón toro mostró un patrón significativo a lo largo del día en el receptor que se corresponde específicamente con el ciclo de luz diario.  Conclusiones: Este estudio concluyó que San Pedrillo es un sitio de agregación (estación de limpieza) para el tiburón toro, posiblemente relacionado con comportamientos de reproducción y no de alimentación; y es un sitio crítico para la especie. Se necesitan más estudios para identificar áreas de alimentación y cría en el Área de Conservación de Guanacaste y áreas circundantes.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Carcharhinus leucas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Guanacaste]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[tagging]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[acoustic telemetry]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[aggregation site]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Carcharhinus leucas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Guanacaste]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[marcaje acústico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[telemetría pasiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sitio de agregación]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acun&#771;a]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. N. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hammerschlag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hearn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salinas de León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Residency and movement patterns of an apex predatory shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) at the Galapagos Marine Reserve]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS ONE]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nivia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clima y temperatura sub-superfical del mar en Bahía Culebra, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>^s2</numero>
<issue>^s2</issue>
<supplement>2</supplement>
<page-range>S159-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McGrath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ruffino]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The commercial fisheries of the lower Amazon: an economic analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fish Management Ecology]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>253-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amador]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lizano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magaña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Atmospheric forcing in the Eastern Tropical Pacific: A review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Progress In Oceanography]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>101-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bangley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paramore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shifman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rulifson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Increased abundance and nursery habitat use of the bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas) in response to a changing environment in a warm-temperate estuary]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scientific Reports]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<page-range>6018</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abrantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seymour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fitzpatrick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Residency and spatial use by reef sharks of an isolated seamount and its implications for conservation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS ONE]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brunnschweiler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Opportunistic visitors: long-term behavioral response of bull sharks to food provisioning in Fiji]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS ONE]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brunnschweiler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Queiroz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sims]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oceans apart? Short-term movements and behavior of adult bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas in Atlantic and Pacific Oceans determined from pop-off satellite archival tagging]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Fish Biology]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<page-range>1343-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carlson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conrath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heupel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burgess]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Habitat use and movement patterns of bull sharks Carcharhinus leucas determined using pop-up satellite archival tags]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Fish Biology]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<page-range>661-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cisneros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barnes M.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Navarro E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rashidsumaila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global economic value of shark ecotourism: implications for conservation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Oryx]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>381-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chiappa-Carrara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arenas-Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Age and growth of the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, from southern Gulf of Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Northwest Atlantic Fishery Science]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<page-range>367-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Compagno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. J. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[FAO: Species Catalog Vol 4: Sharks of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated of Sharks Species Know to Date. Part 1 and 2]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[FAO Fish Synopsis]]></source>
<year>1984</year>
<volume>125</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curtis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burgess]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Seasonal distribution and habitat associations of bull sharks in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida: A 30-year synthesis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Transactions of the American Fisheries Society]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>140</volume>
<page-range>1213-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curtis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parkyn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burgess]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Use of human-altered habitats by bull sharks in a Florida nursery area]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics Management and Ecosystem Science]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>28-38</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cowley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Froneman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Residency patterns and migration dynamics of adult bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) on the East coast of southern Africa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS ONE]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klapfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Costa Rica Blue: The Underwater Guide]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San José, Costa Rica ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Blue Publishing, S.A.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Denyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hallazgo de dunas fósiles de final del Pleistoceno en las Islas Murciélago, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Geológica de América Central]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<page-range>29-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farrugia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lowe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Habitat use, movements and site fidelity of the gray smooth-hound shark (Mustelus californicus, Gill 1863) in a newly restored southern California estuary]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>401</volume>
<page-range>63-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chapman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shivji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wetherbeed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amorim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Habitat of juvenile Caribbean reef sharks, Carcharhinus perezi, at two oceanic insular marine protected areas in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean: Fernando de Noronha Archipelago and Atol das Rocas, Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fisheries Research]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<page-range>236-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Graham]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rynne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estevanez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ault]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hammerschlag]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Use of marine protected areas and exclusive economic zones in the subtropical western North Atlantic Ocean by large highly mobile sharks]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Diversity and Distributions]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<page-range>534-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heupel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simpfendorfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smoothey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tobin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peddemors]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Conservation challenges of sharks with continental scale migrations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Frontiers in Marine Science]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>InfoStat</collab>
<source><![CDATA[InfoStat]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Argentina ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Brujas Argentina]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jenson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Reproduction of the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, in the Lake Nicaragua-Rio San Juan System]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Investigations of the Ichthyofauna of Nicaraguan Lakes]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<volume>40</volume>
<page-range>539-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El Domo Térmico de Costa Rica: Un oasis de productividad frente a las costas del Pací&#64257;co Centroaméricano]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San José, Costa Rica ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundación MarViva]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lizano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dinámica atmosférica y oceánica en algunos sitios del Área de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG), Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>^s4</numero>
<issue>^s4</issue>
<supplement>4</supplement>
<page-range>S17-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lo&#769;pez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arauz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Le Foulge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ana&#769;lisis anual de las capturas de tiburones y rayas en las pesqueri&#769;as artesanales de Ta&#769;rcoles, Paci&#769;fico Central de Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Ciencias Marinas y Costeras]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>145-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lo&#769;pez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tiburones y rayas capturados por pesqueri&#769;as artesanales con li&#769;nea de fondo en el Golfo Dulce, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>63</volume>
<numero>^s1</numero>
<issue>^s1</issue>
<supplement>1</supplement>
<page-range>183-98</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McDavitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Lake Nicaragua revisited: conversations with a former sawfish fisherman]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Shark News: Newsletter of the IUCN Shark Specialist Group]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Niella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hazin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bioecology and movements of bull sharks, Carcharhinus leucas, caught in a long-term longline survey off northeastern Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neotropical Ichthyology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pasos-Acuña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Efecto del buceo en el comportamiento del tiburón toro (Carcharhinus leucas) y evaluación económica de la especie en el Parque Nacional Cabo Pulmo]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[La Paz, Baja California, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, S.C.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Powers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fodrie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scyphers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drymon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shipp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stunz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gulf-wide decreases in the size of large coastal sharks documented by generations of fishermen]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Marine and Coastal Fisheries: Dynamics, Management, and Ecosystem Science]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>93-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Papastamatiou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Friedlander]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caselle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lowe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Long-term movement patterns and trophic ecology of blacktip reef sharks (Carcharhinus melanopterus) at Palmyra atoll]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>386</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>94-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>R Development Core Team R.</collab>
<source><![CDATA[R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Vienna, Austria ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[R Foundation for Statistical Computing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortés]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Spatial and temporal dynamics of the hydrology at Salinas Bay, Costa Rica, Eastern Tropical Pacific]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>^s2</numero>
<issue>^s2</issue>
<supplement>2</supplement>
<page-range>S105-26</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simpfendorfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Greitas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wiley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heupel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Distribution and habitat partitioning of immature bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) in a southwest Florida estuary]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estuaries]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>78-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>SINAC (Sistema Nacional de Áreas de Conservación)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Plan de Manejo Área de Conservación Guanacaste 2014-2024]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Guanacaste, Costa Rica ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Área de Conservación Guanacaste]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thorson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Movement of bull sharks, Carcharhinus leucas, between Caribbean Sea and Lake Nicaragua demonstrated by tagging]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Copeia]]></source>
<year>1971</year>
<volume>1971</volume>
<page-range>336-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thorson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The status of the bull shark, Carcharhinus leucas, in the Amazon River]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Copeia]]></source>
<year>1972</year>
<volume>1972</volume>
<page-range>601-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thorson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of commercial exploitation on sawfish and shark populations in Lake Nicaragua]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fisheries]]></source>
<year>1982</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<page-range>2-10</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Werry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clua]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sex-based spatial segregation of adult bull sharks, Carcharhinus leucas, in the New Caledonian great lagoon]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aquatic Living Resources]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>281-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cure]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Golfo Dulce: critical habitat and nursery area for juvenile scalloped hammerhead sharks Sphyrna lewini in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Seascape]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Biology of Fishes]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>102</volume>
<page-range>1291-300</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
