<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442021000401204</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rbt.v69i4.46873</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Avances de la bioinformática en Costa Rica: vista retrospectiva y perspectivas]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Bioinformatics advances in Costa Rica: retrospective view and perspectives]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rebeca]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores-Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina-Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José-Arturo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A a"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A4"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodrigo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[César]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gatica-Arias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzmán-Verri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Caterina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Pedro San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Facultad de Microbiología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Pedro San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Escuela de Medicina Programa de Maestría en Bioinformática y Biología de Sistemas]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Pedro San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Centro de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Pedro San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Escuela de Biología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San Pedro San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af6">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Programa de Investigación en Enfermedades Tropicales Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Heredia Heredia]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>1204</fpage>
<lpage>1223</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442021000401204&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442021000401204&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442021000401204&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  Introducción:  La disciplina científica de la bioinformática tiene el potencial de generar aplicaciones innovadoras para las sociedades humanas. Costa Rica, pequeña en tamaño y población en comparación con otros países de América Latina, ha ido adoptando la disciplina de manera progresiva. El reconocer los avances permite determinar hacia dónde puede dirigirse el país en este campo, así como su contribución a la región latinoamericana.  Objetivo:  En este manuscrito se reporta evidencia de la evolución de la bioinformática en Costa Rica, para identificar debilidades y fortalezas que permitan definir acciones a futuro.  Métodos:  Se realizaron búsquedas en bases de datos de publicaciones científicas y repositorios de secuencias, así como información de actividades de capacitación, redes, infraestructura, páginas web y fuentes de financiamiento.  Resultados:  Se observan avances importantes desde el 2010, incluyendo un aumento en oportunidades de entrenamiento y número de publicaciones, aportes significativos a las bases de datos de secuencias y conexiones por medio de redes. Sin embargo, ciertas áreas, como la masa crítica y la financiación requieren más desarrollo. La comunidad científica y sus patrocinadores deben promover la investigación basada en bioinformática, invertir en la formación de estudiantes de posgrado, aumentar la formación de profesionales, crear oportunidades laborales para carreras en bioinformática y promover colaboraciones internacionales a través de redes.  Conclusiones:  Se sugiere que para experimentar los beneficios de las aplicaciones de la bioinformática se deben fortalecer tres aspectos clave: la comunidad científica, la infraestructura de investigación y las oportunidades de financiamiento. El impacto de tal inversión sería el desarrollo de proyectos ambiciosos pero factibles y colaboraciones extendidas dentro de la región latinoamericana. Esto permitiría realizar contribuciones significativas para abordar los desafíos globales y la aplicación de nuevos enfoques de investigación, innovación y transferencia de conocimiento para el desarrollo de la economía, dentro de un marco de ética de la investigación.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  The scientific discipline of bioinformatics has the potential to generate innovative applications for human societies. Costa Rica, small in size and population compared to other Latin American countries, has been progressively adopting the discipline. Recognizing progress makes it possible to determine where the country can go in this field, as well as its contribution to the Latin American region.  Objective:  This manuscript reports evidence of the evolution of bioinformatics in Costa Rica, to identify weaknesses and strengths allowing future actions plans.  Methods:  We searched databases of scientific publications and sequence repositories, as well as information on training activities, networks, infrastructure, web pages and funding sources.  Results:  Important advances have been observed since 2010, such as increases in training opportunities and the number of publications, significant contributions to the sequence databases and connections through networks. However, areas such as critical mass and financing require further development. The scientific community and its sponsors should promote bioinformatics-based research, invest in graduate student training, increase professional training, create career opportunities in bioinformatics, and promote international collaborations through networks.  Conclusions:  It is suggested that in order to experience the benefits of bioinformatics applications, three key aspects must be strengthened: the scientific community, the research infrastructure, and funding opportunities. The impact of such investment would be the development of ambitious but feasible projects and extended collaborations within the Latin American region and abroad. This would allow significant contributions to address global challenges and the implementation of new approaches to research, innovation and knowledge transfer for the development of the economy, within an ethics of research framework.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[data analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[NGS-next generation sequencing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[education]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Web of Science]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[SRA (Sequence Read Archive)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PubMed]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ENA (European Nucleotide Archive)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis de datos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[NGS (Secuenciación de Nueva Generación)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Web of Science]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[SRA (Sequence Read Archive)]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[PubMed]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ENA (European Nucleotide Archive)]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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