<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7744</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. biol. trop]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7744</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-77442019000601531</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/rbt.v67i6.36450</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Caracterización genética de la hormiga Atta cephalotes (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) en Isla Gorgona, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Genetic characterization of Atta cephalotes ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Gorgona Island, Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alejandra]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sedano Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raúl Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle Departamento de Biología Grupo de Ecología Animal]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<fpage>1531</fpage>
<lpage>1542</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-77442019000601531&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-77442019000601531&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-77442019000601531&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La variación genética entre las poblaciones insulares y continentales de las hormigas cortadoras de hojas ha sido poco estudiada, a pesar de su importancia para comprender su capacidad de dispersión, estructura regional y distribución de una de las especies más abundantes en el Neotrópico.  Objetivo:  Analizar la variación genética de una población insular de Atta cephalotes en un contexto regional más amplio para América Central y del Sur.  Métodos:  Se secuenció el gen de la Citocromo oxidasa I de A. cephalotes para las poblaciones de la isla Gorgona y el continente para realizar un análisis de la varianza molecular, flujo de genes, así como para calcular el tiempo de divergencia de los haplogrupos que se encuentran en la isla. Se realizó una prueba de asignación de individuos para estimar la conectividad genética espacial y la distribución de esta hormiga en el Pacífico Oriental Tropical.  Resultados:  Un total de 33 muestras de la isla y el continente colombiano se compararon con 389 secuencias de A. cephalotes registradas en Genbank para América Central y Suramérica. Esta hormiga cortadora de hojas en la Isla Gorgona está estrechamente relacionada con el continente colombiano a pesar de que la separación entre la isla y el continente probablemente constituya una barrera para el flujo de genes. Es probable que dos de los haplogrupos más comunes en el continente llegaran a la isla recientemente. Por lo tanto, no se puede excluir la influencia antropogénica en el proceso de colonización de la isla por parte de esta hormiga cortadora de hojas. Un mapa de conectividad muestra que esta población tiene límites geográficos que se superponen en gran medida con una región biogeográfica dentro del Pacífico Oriental Tropical. Esta población trans-andina acumula el 23 % de la diversidad de herencia matrilínea de A. cephalotes.  Conclusiones:  Esta hormiga cortadora de hojas en la isla Gorgona y el Pacífico colombiano está estrechamente relacionada con la población centroamericana y toda esta región alberga un segmento significativo de la diversidad genética de A. cephalotes de Suramérica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  The genetic variation between island and mainland populations of leaf-cutter ants have been poorly studied, despite its importance to understand their local dispersion, regional structure, and the distribution of one of the most abundant species in the neotropics.  Objective:  To analyze the genetic variation of an insular population of Atta cephalotes in a larger regional context in Central and South America.  Methods:  The Cytochrome Oxidase I gene of A. cephalotes was sequenced for the Gorgona Island and mainland populations in order to conduct an analysis of molecular variance, gene flow, and to calculate divergence time of haplogroups occurring in the island. An individual assignment test was conducted to estimate the spatial genetic connectivity and the distribution for this ant in the Eastern Tropical Pacific.  Results:  A total of 33 samples from the island and the Colombian mainland were compared to 389 Genebank accessions ofA. cephalotes from Central and South America. This leaf-cutter ant in the Gorgona Island is closely related to the Colombian mainland, despite that the separation between the island and the mainland likely constitute a barrier to gene flow. It is likely that two of the most common haplogroups on the continent arrived on the island recently. Therefore, the anthropogenic influence in the process of colonization of the island by this leaf-cutting ant cannot be excluded. A map of connectivity shows that this population has geographic limits that largely overlap with a biogeographic region within the Eastern Tropical Pacific. This trans-andean population accumulates 23 % of the maternally inherited diversity of theA. cephalotes.  Conclusions:  This leaf-cutter ant in the Gorgona Island and the Colombian Pacific is closely related to the Central American population and the whole region harbor a significant segment of A. cephalotes genetic diversity in South America.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Atta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[colonization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ant]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[insular population.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Atta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[colonización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hormiga]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[población insular.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arbor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sequencher (Version 4.10).]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Michigan, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gene Codes Corporation.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arcusa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Monitoreo de la reserva natural Paititi mediante el uso de grupos funcionales de hormigas (Hymenoptera : Formicidae), Buenos Aires, Argentina]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires, Argentina ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solomon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mueller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. O. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vieira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. G. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva-Pinhati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C. O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Phylogeny of leafcutter ants in the genus Atta fabricius (Formicidae: Attini) based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<page-range>427-37</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beerli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Migrate Documentation.]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Florida, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Florida State University, Department of Scientic Computing]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beerli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Migrate (Version 4.2.14).]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cavanaugh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clark]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karsch-Mizrachi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lipman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ostell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sayers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[GenBank.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nucleic Acids Research]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<page-range>36-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Darriba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taboada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doallo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Posada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[jModelTest 2: more models, new heuristics and parallel computing - Supplementary Information]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nature Methods]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>772</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edgar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Search and clustering orders of magnitude faster than BLAST.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Bioinformatics]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>2460-1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edwards]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thornton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Colonization of an island volcano, Long Island, Papua New Guinea, and an emergent island, Motmot, in its caldera lake. VI. The pioneer arthropod community of Momot.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Biogeography]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<page-range>1379-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Excoffier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lischer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. E. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Arlequin suite ver 3.5: A new series of programs to perform population genetics analyses under Linux and Windows.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Molecular Ecology Resources]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>564-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Introducción a las hormigas de la región Neotropical.]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá, Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto de Investigaciones de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fowler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pagani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Vasconcelos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A pest is a pest is a pest? The dilemma of neotropical leaf-cutting ants: Keystone taxa of natural ecosystems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Management]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>671-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gillespie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Island hopping across the central Pacific: Mitochondrial DNA detects sequential colonization of the Austral Islands by crab spiders (Araneae: Thomisidae).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Biogeography]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>201-20</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gillespie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diversity despite dispersal: Colonization history and phylogeography of Hawaiian crab spiders inferred from multilocus genetic data]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Molecular Ecology]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1746-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sedano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Genetic variation of avian malaria in the tropical Andes: a relationship with the spatial distribution of hosts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Malaria Journal]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>129</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gillespie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roderick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Arthropods on islands : Colonization, Speciation, and Conservation.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annual Review of Entomology]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<page-range>595-632</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guillot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Estoup]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mortier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cosson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A spatial statistical model for landscape genetics]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Genetics]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>170</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>1261-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guindon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gascuel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A simple, fast, and accurate algorithm to estimate large phylogenies by maximum likelihood]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Systematic Biology]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>696-704</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Haines]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of Leaf-Cutting Ants on Vegetation Development at Barro Colorado Island]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Golley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Tropical Ecological Systems. Ecological Studies (Analysis and Synthesis)]]></source>
<year>1975</year>
<edition>11th</edition>
<page-range>99-111</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Berlin, Germany ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Heidelberg.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zaretskaya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raytselis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merezhuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McGinnis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Madden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[NCBI BLAST: a better web interface.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nucleic Acids Research]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>36</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kass]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raftery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bayes&#8217; Factors.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of the American Statistical Association]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>90</volume>
<numero>430</numero>
<issue>430</issue>
<page-range>773-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kronauer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gadau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hölldobler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Phylogenetics of the new world honey ants ( genus Myrmecocystus ) estimated from mitochondrial DNA sequences.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>416-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lincango]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis de Riesgo de Plagas para la Importación de Productos Vegetales a las Islas Galápagos]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ecuador ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundación Charles Darwin]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lourenco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Los Escorpiones (Chelicerata) De Colombia. I. La Fauna De La Isla Gorgona. Aproximacion Biogeografica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Caldasia]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>76</numero>
<issue>76</issue>
<page-range>66-70</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solomon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mikheyev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mueller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U. G.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nuclear mitochondrial-like sequences in ants : evidence from Atta cephalotes (Formicidae : Attini ).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Insect Molecular Biology]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>777-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McRae]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohapatra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Circuitscape 4 User Guide. The Nature Conservancy]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McRae]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohapatra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anantharaman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Circuitscape 4.0.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pfeiffer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schwartz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Creating the CIPRES Science Gateway for Inference of Large Phylogenetic Trees.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New Orleans, LA, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gateway Computing Environments Workshop (GCE).]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morrone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biogeographical regionalisation of the neotropical region.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Zootaxa]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>3782</volume>
<page-range>1-110</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>R Core Team</collab>
<source><![CDATA[R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Robertson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Peces Costeros del Pacífico Oriental Tropical: sistema de Información en línea.]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Balboa, República de Panamá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Smithsonian de Investigacion]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodriguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hardy-Weinberg Law]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maloy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hughes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Brenner&#8217;s Encyclopedia of Genetics]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<page-range>396-8</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Academic Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Röhl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bandelt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Molecular Biology and Evolution]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>37-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rombel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sykes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rayner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[ORFfinder: a vector for high-throughput gene identification]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gene]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>282</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>33-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giribet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Out of the Neotropics: Late cretaceous colonization of Australasia by American arthropods]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>279</volume>
<numero>1742</numero>
<issue>1742</issue>
<page-range>3501-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beckenbach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crespi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Liu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flook]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evolution, Weighting, and Phylogenetic Utility of Mitochondrial Gene Sequences and a Compilation of Conserved Polymerase Chain Reaction Primers.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of the Entomological Society of America]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>87</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>651-701</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solomon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bacci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goncalves Vinha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mueller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Paleodistributions and comparative molecular phylogeography of leafcutter ants (Atta spp.) provide new insight into the origins of Amazonian diversity.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLOS ONE]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solomon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mikheyev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Ant ( Hymenoptera : Formicidae ) Fauna of Cocos Island, Costa Rica.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Entomologist]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>415-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solomon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Biogeography and evolution of widespread leafcutting ants, Atta spp. (Formicidae, Attini) (Doctoral dissertation)]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Texas, USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The University of Texas at Austin]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suchard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lemey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baele]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayres]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drummond]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rambaut]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bayesian phylogenetic and phylodynamic data integration using BEAST 1.10.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Virus Evolution]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tajima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Statistical method for testing the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Genetics]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>123</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>585-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Terborgh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feeley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nuñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balukjian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vegetation dynamics of predator-free land-bridge islands.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Ecology]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>94</volume>
<page-range>253-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>UAESPNN</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Plan de Manejo Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona 2018-2023.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Colombia ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdés-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón De Ulloa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Armbrecht]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Especies de hormigas del suelo en el Parque Nacional Natural Gorgona, Pacífico Colombiano]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<page-range>265-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez Moreno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matienzo Brito]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfonso Simonetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreno Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diversidad de especies de hormigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) en cafetales afectados por Hypothenemus hampei Ferrari (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae).]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fitosanidad Habana]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>163-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernandez-Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Barraza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biogeografía de esponjas marinas (Phylum Porifera); estudios en el Pacífico Oriental.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[CICIMAR Oceánides]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>35-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yockteng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cavelier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diversidad y mecanismos de dispersión de árboles de la Isla Gorgona y de los bosques húmedos tropicales del Pacífico colombo-ecuatoriano.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>45-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zabala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arango]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón de Ulloa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diversidad de hormigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) en un paisaje cafetero de risaralda, Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Colombiana de Entomología]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>141-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
