<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-4582</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Relaciones Internacionales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Relac. Int.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-4582</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-45822025000100134</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15359/98-1.6</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Hegemonía como factor estabilizador del sistema y el orden internacional/global]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Hegemony as a stabilizing factor of the international/global system and order]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murillo Zamora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional Escuela Relaciones Internacionales Universidad de Costa Rica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>134</fpage>
<lpage>159</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-45822025000100134&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-45822025000100134&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-45822025000100134&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se examina la hegemonía como factor estabilizador del sistema y del orden internacional/global. Se argumenta que la estabilidad de un sistema internacional se logra a través de ella, ya sea por un hegemón global o varios regionales, más que por un balance de poder. La hegemonía se relaciona con la capacidad de un Estado poderoso para influir y moldear comportamientos sin un dominio directo, utilizando su poder militar, económico y cultural. El orden se define como la estructura de relaciones entre Estados y otros actores, basada en normas y acuerdos que regulan su conducta. El orden internacional/global se conceptualiza como la estructura de las vinculaciones que existen entre Estados y otros actores internacionales en el sistema, fundamentada en normas, reglas y acuerdos que regulan la conducta de tales actores. Se relaciona con la estabilidad sistémica y la predictibilidad en las relaciones internacionales. Por ende, es la forma en que se organizan y regulan las relaciones entre los diferentes actores internacionales, principalmente, los estatales. También, se analiza cómo las potencias hegemónicas, como China, Estados Unidos, y Rusia, influyen en el sistema internacional a través de diferentes proyectos hegemónicos basados en sus cosmovisiones. Se destaca que el sistema internacional está en una &#8220;profunda transformación&#8221;, con un papel disminuido del Estado-nación y una creciente revolución tecnológica. Los Estados pequeños pueden maniobrar frente a las potencias hegemónicas, mediante estrategias como alianzas y el aprovechamiento de la competencia entre grandes potencias.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Hegemony is examined as stabilizing factor of the international system and the international/global order. It is argued that the stability of an international system is achieved through it, whether by a global hegemon or several regional hegemons, rather than by a balance of power. Order is defined as the structure of relations between states and other actors, based on norms and agreements that regulate their behavior. Hegemony refers to the ability of a powerful state to influence and shape behavior without direct dominance, utilizing its military, economic, and cultural power. The international/global order is conceptualized as the structure of the relationships and links that exist between states and other international actors in the system, which is based on the norms, rules, and agreements regulating the conduct of the actors. It is related to systemic stability and predictability in international relations. Therefore, it describes how associations between different international actors, primarily state actors, are organized and regulated. The text also analyzes how hegemonic powers, such as the United States, China, and Russia, influence the international system through various hegemonic projects based on their worldviews. It is highlighted that the international system is undergoing a &#8220;profound transformation,&#8221; marked by a diminished role of the nation-state and a growing technological revolution. Small states can maneuver against hegemonic powers through strategies such as forming alliances and taking advantage of competition among great powers.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estados pequeños]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[hegemonía]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[orden internacional/global]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sistema internacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[superpotencias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hegemony]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international/global order]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international system]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[small states]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[superpower]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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