<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-4582</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Relaciones Internacionales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Relac. Int.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-4582</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-45822022000200128</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15359/ri.95/2.6</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The COVID-19 Pandemic and Haiti's Changing Remittance Landscape]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La pandemia por COVID-19 y el cambiante panorama de las remesas en Haití]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Toni]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fidalgo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mário]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marcelin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Louis Herns]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Interuniversity Institute for Research and Development (INURED)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Interuniversity Institute for Research and Development (INURED.  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Miami Interuniversity Institute for Research and Development (INURED) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>95</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>128</fpage>
<lpage>158</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-45822022000200128&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-45822022000200128&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-45822022000200128&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT In 2020, analyses from multilateral institutions predicted that the COVID-19 pandemic would hamper remittance transfers to the Latin America and Caribbean region; yet they showed steady increases in 2020 and 2021. Haiti's remittance economy has largely maintained its vitality, helping families weather multiple crises. Drawing on data from a study of the impact of COVID-19 on Haitian households and remittance data from Haiti's Central Bank, this article examines Haiti's changing remittance landscape, with particular attention paid to new migratory flows to Latin America that have emerged since the January 2010 earthquake. Considering the increase in migration to Brazil and Chile, among other countries, between 2010 and 2020, we ask, what role have remittances from South America played in Haitian households leading up to and during the COVID-19 pandemic?]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN En 2020, los análisis de instituciones multilaterales predijeron que la pandemia por COVID-19 obstaculizaría las transferencias de remesas a la región de América Latina y el Caribe, no obstante, se experimentaron aumentos constantes en 2020 y 2021. La economía de remesas de Haití ha mantenido, en gran medida, su vitalidad, ayudando a las familias a superar múltiples crisis. A partir de obtenidos datos en un estudio sobre el impacto de la COVID-19 en los hogares haitianos y datos de remesas del Banco Central de Haití, este artículo examina el panorama cambiante de las remesas de Haití, con especial atención a los nuevos flujos migratorios hacia América Latina que han surgido desde el terremoto de enero de 2010. Así, se toma en cuenta el aumento de la migración haitiana a Brasil y Chile, entre otros países, durante 2010 y 2020, es que nos preguntamos: ¿Qué papel han jugado las remesas provenientes de América del Sur en los hogares haitianos antes y durante la pandemia por COVID-19?]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Brazil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Haiti]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[South-South migration]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[remittances]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Brasil]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Chile]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Haití]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Migración Sur-Sur]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[remesas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdaladze]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Haitians make long continental transit in hope for a better future.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Cronkite News]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<page-range>1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abi-Habib]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Haiti braces for unrest as a defiant President refuses to step down.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[New York Times]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>1</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Americas]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cuecuecha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Remittances, household expenditure and investment in Guatemala.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Development]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>11</numero>
<issue>11</issue>
<page-range>1626-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ambrosius]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fritz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stiegler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Remittances.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kaltmeier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tittor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hawkins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rohland]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Routledge Handbook to the Political Economy and Governance of the Americas]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<edition>1</edition>
<page-range>194-9</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxfordshire, UK ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amuedo-Dorantes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Georges]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pozo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Migration, Remittances, and Children's Schooling in Haiti.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>630</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>224-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Audebert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The recent geodynamics of Haitian migration in the Americas: Refugees or economic migrants?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Brasileira de Estudos de Populacao]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>55-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Avocats sans Frontieres Canada (ASFC)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Meeting the needs of victims of cholera in Haiti.]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bhandari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Remittance received by households of Western Chitwan Valley, Nepal: Does migrant's destination make a difference?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bragg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gibson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[King]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lefler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ntoubandi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Remittances as aid following major sudden-onset natural disasters.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Disasters]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>42</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>3-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bredl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Migration, remittances, and educational outcomes: The case of Haiti, Discussion Paper]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<numero>44</numero>
<issue>44</issue>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Zentrum für Internationale Entwicklungsund Umweltforschung (ZEU)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cardona Sosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Medina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Migration as a safety net and effects of remittances on household consumption: The case of Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Borradores de Economia]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<numero>414,</numero>
<issue>414,</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Banco de la Republica de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marcelin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fleurantin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jean-Louis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Emergency health in the aftermath of disasters: A post-Hurricane Matthew outbreak in rural Haiti.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Disaster Prevention and Mitigation]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clemens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ogden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Migration and household finances: How a different framing can improve thinking about migration.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Development Policy Review]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>3-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clément]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Remittances and household expenditure patterns in Tajikistan: A propensity score matching analysis.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Asia Development Review]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>58-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Edwidge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The assassination of Haiti's president.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The New Yorker]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[News Desk]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jarochinski-Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[da Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Travellers of the Caribbean: Positioning Brasília in Haitian migration routes through Latin America.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Vibrant]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fauser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The migration-development nexus: Toward a transnational perspective.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fauser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kivisto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The migrationdevelopment nexus. Migration, diasporas, and citizenship Series.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[London, UK ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fouron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Haiti's painful evolution from promised land to migrant-sending nation.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Migration Policy Institute]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<page-range>1</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Migration Information Source]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[COVID-19 and rethinking the need for legal pathways to mobility: Taking human security seriously.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[nternational Organization for Migration Bookstore.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palumba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[What's gone wrong with Brazil's economy?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BBC]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>1</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Business]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Migrants and their money are not all the same: Migration, remittances and family morality in rural South India.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Migration Letters]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>33-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morrison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sjöblom]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of remittances and gender on household expenditure patterns: evidence from Ghana.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morrisson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The International Migration of Women]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<edition>1st</edition>
<page-range>125-52</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Hampshire, UK ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Palgrave Macmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Handerson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Feldman-Bianco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cavalcanti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araujo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brasil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A historicidade da (e)migração internacional Haitiana.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<edition>1</edition>
<page-range>7-26</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PERIPLOS, Revista Investigación sobre Migraciones]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>International Organization for Migration (IOM)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Contributions and Counting: Guidance on Measuring the Economic Impact of your Diaspora beyond Remittances]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva, CH ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IOM Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Interuniversity Institute for Research and Development (INURED)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The Impact of COVID-19 on families in urban and rural Haiti]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<month>a</month>
<edition>1st</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Port-auPrince, Haiti ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INURED]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Interuniversity Institute for Research and Development (INURED)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[PostEarthquake migration to Latin America: Working Paper]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<month>b</month>
<edition>1</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Port-auPrince, Haiti ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INURED]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jadotte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[International migration, remittances and labour supply: The case of the Republic of Haiti, WIDER Research Paper, No. 2009/28]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Helsinki, Finland ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jahjah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fullenkamp]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Are immigrant remittance flows a source for capital development?]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington. D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[International Monetary Fund]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Justesen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factors Impacting Youth Development in Haiti.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Policy Research Working Papers]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[World Bank]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[On Mexico's southern border, the latest migration surge is Haitian]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[NPR]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>1</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[News]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kakhkharov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahunov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parpiev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[South-South Migration: Remittances of labour migrants and household expenditures in Uzbekistan.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Migration]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>38-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kefale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohammed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Migration, remittances and household socioeconomic well-being: The case of Ethiopian labour migrants to the Republic of South Africa and the Middle East.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Addis Ababa, ET ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Forum for Social Studies]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kiarnersi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jules]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Associations between hurricane exposure, food insecurity and microfinance; a cross-sectional study in Haiti.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World Development]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>145</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klarreich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The NGO republic of Haiti.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Nation]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<page-range>1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Laing]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos Miranda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chile sends 176 Haitian migrants home on criticized 'humanitarian flight.']]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Reuters]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>1</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Emerging Markers]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Makina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Migration and characteristics of remittance senders in South Africa.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Migration]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>148-58</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marcelin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[After Hurricane Matthew: Resources, capacities, and pathways to recovery and reconstruction of devastated communities in Haiti.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<month>a</month>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Port-au-Prince, HT ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Interuniversity Institute for Research and Development (INURED)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marcelin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Republic of Haiti: Country of Origin Information Paper.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<month>b</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marcelin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shultz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Haiti and the Politics of Governance and Community Responses to Hurricane Matthew]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Disaster Health]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Border Security, Migration Governance and Sovereignty.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva, CH ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[International Organization for Migration (IOM)]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mohapatra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Joseph]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ratha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Remittances and natural disasters: Ex-post response and contribution of ex-ante preparedness.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Policy Research Working Paper 4972.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bookey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bloch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A journey of Hope: Haitian women's migration to Tapachula, Mexico.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[San Francisco, California ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of California, Hastings]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Haitian migration flow to Brazil: Aftermath of the 2010 earthquake.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nieto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Migracio&#769;n haitiana a Brasil: Redes migratorias y espacio social transnacional.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires, AG ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CLACSO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Observatório das migrações internacionais (OBMigra)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Relato&#769;rio Anual do Observato&#769;rio das Migrações Internacionais 2019.]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Observatório das migrações internacionais (OBMigra)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Relato&#769;rio Anual do Observato&#769;rio das Migrações Internacionais 2020]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organisation internationale pour les migrations (OIM)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Migration en Haïti Profile migratoire national 2015]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva, CH ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IOM]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organisation of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)</collab>
<collab>Interuniversity Institute for Research and Development (INURED)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Interactions entre politique publiques, migration et développement en Haïti.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Paris, FR ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OECD]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orozco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Migrants and the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Remittances.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Inter-American Dialogue]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<page-range>1</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Uploads]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orozco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Understanding the remittance economy in Haiti.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[World Bank]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Haiti earthquake August 2021.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Wasington D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PAHO.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Strong earthquake rocks Haiti, kills hundreds.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[New York Times]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<page-range>1</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[World]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perakis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Short and Long Run Effects of Migration and Remittances: Some Evidence from Northern Mali.]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Agricultural &amp; Applied Economics Association's 2011 AAEA &amp; NAREA Joint Annual Meeting]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ratha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shaw]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[South-south migration and remittances, World Bank Working]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<numero>102</numero>
<issue>102</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[World Bank]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ratha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Migration and Remittances Factbook 2008.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[World Bank]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schlabach]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Torn between humanitarian ideals and U.S. pressure, Panama screens migrants from around the world. Cronkite News]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<page-range>1</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[News]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schüler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Haïti: après l'opération pays lock, voyage à travers des provinces en Crise]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Short]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hossain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adil Khan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[South-south migration: Emerging patterns, opportunities and risks]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shultz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cela]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marcelin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Trauma signature of the 2016 Hurricane Matthew and the psychosocial impact on Haiti]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Disaster Health]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopez-Ekra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aghazarm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kötter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mollard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of remittances on gender roles and opportunities for children in recipient families: research from the International Organization for Migration]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gender &amp; Development]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>69-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ugarte Pfingsthorn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA['I Need to Work to Be Legal, I Need to Be Legal to Work.' Migrant Encounters, Haitian Women, and the Chilean State]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Foreign-born Worker: Labor Force Characteristics-2020]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Hear]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[N. Sørensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The migration-development nexus]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<edition>1st</edition>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva, CH ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[International Organization for Migration]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wejsa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lesser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Migration in Brazil: the Making of a multicultural society.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Migraton Policy Institute]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<page-range>1</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[News]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wendelbo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[China]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dekeyser]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Taccetti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aggarwal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Savoldi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zielonka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Crisis Response to the Nepal Earthquake: Lessons Learned.]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brussels, BE ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[European Institute for Asian Studies]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Bank</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Migration and Development Brief 33 / Phase II: COVID-19 Crisis Through a Migration Lens.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Bank</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Personal Remittances, Received (% of GDP)-Haiti (Dataset).]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<month>a</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Bank</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Migration and Development Brief 34/Resilience: COVID-19 Crisis Through a Migration Lens.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<month>b</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Bank</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Migration and Development Brief 35/Recovery: COVID-19 Crisis Through a Migration Lens.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<month>c</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B70">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Bank</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Migration and Development Brief 36/A Wari in a Pandemic/Implications of the Ukraine crisis and COVID-19 on global governance of migration and remittance flows.]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B71">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Migrant Remittances.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Economic Perspectives]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>129-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B72">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Are Remittances Insurance? Evidence from Rainfall Shocks in the Philippines]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The World Bank Economic Review]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>219-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B73">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yates]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Haitian migration through the Americas: A decade in the making.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Washington, D.C. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Migration Policy Institute]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B74">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ziff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Preel-Dumas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Coordinating a human response to the influx of Haitians in Chile.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Inter-American Dialogue]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Uploads]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
