<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-4132</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Innovaciones Educativas]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Innovaciones Educativas]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-4132</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Estatal a Distancia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-41322025000200095</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22458/ie.v27i43.5551</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Desarrollo de competencias digitales docentes en programación del robot NAO, un estudio en Ingeniería Informática de la UNED]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Development of Teachers&#8217; Digital Competencies in Programming the NAO Robot: A Study in Computer Engineering at UNED]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Desenvolvimento de habilidades de ensino digital na programação do robô NAO, um estudo em Engenharia Informática na UNED]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calderón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariano Soto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Estatal a Distancia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>43</numero>
<fpage>95</fpage>
<lpage>109</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-41322025000200095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-41322025000200095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-41322025000200095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este estudio hermenéutico cualitativo se enfocó en evaluar la efectividad de un programa de capacitación diseñado para 10 docentes de Ingeniería Informática de la UNED. El objetivo principal fue desarrollar competencias en la programación del robot humanoide NAO. La elección del robot NAO se basó en su versatilidad y en la necesidad de modernizar las prácticas pedagógicas en la carrera. A través de un taller mixto virtual presencial con materiales teórico-prácticos, los docentes adquirieron habilidades esenciales en programación y en el diseño de actividades educativas innovadoras, utilizando el robot como herramienta pedagógica. Los resultados del estudio revelaron una aceptación unánime (100 %) por parte de los docentes hacia la incorporación de NAO en sus prácticas de enseñanza. Los participantes destacaron la facilidad de implementación del robot y su relevancia para mejorar la calidad de la educación. Sin embargo, se enfatizó la necesidad de realizar estudios periódicos y más rigurosos para fortalecer la confiabilidad de los hallazgos. Esta sugerencia subraya la importancia de una evaluación continua y sistemática para consolidar los resultados obtenidos. En conclusión, la capacitación con el robot NAO tuvo un impacto positivo en el desarrollo de competencias digitales docentes. Los docentes lograron adquirir habilidades que les permiten programar e integrar la robótica en sus clases, lo cual puede enriquecer significativamente la experiencia de aprendizaje de los estudiantes. Sin embargo, se identificaron desafíos relacionados con la infraestructura necesaria para el uso del robot, el tiempo requerido para la práctica y la implementación efectiva de las nuevas habilidades adquiridas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This qualitative hermeneutic study focused on evaluating the effectiveness of a training program designed for 10 faculty members from the Computer Engineering program at UNED. The main objective was to develop competencies in programming the humanoid robot NAO. The NAO robot was selected for its versatility and for the pressing need to modernize pedagogical practices in the field. Through a blended workshop (virtual and in-person), combining theoretical and practical materials, participating instructors acquired essential programming skills and learned to design innovative educational activities using the robot as a teaching tool. The study revealed unanimous acceptance (100%) among participants regarding the integration of NAO into their teaching practices. Teachers highlighted both the ease of implementing the robot and its relevance in enhancing educational quality. However, the need for more rigorous and periodic studies was emphasized to strengthen the reliability of the findings. This suggestion underscores the importance of continuous and systematic evaluation to consolidate outcomes. In conclusion, the training program had a positive impact on the development of teachers&#8217; digital competencies. Participants acquired the ability to program and meaningfully integrate robotics into their teaching practices, significantly enriching students&#8217; learning experiences. Nevertheless, the study also identified challenges, including infrastructure requirements, time constraints for hands-on practice, and the effective implementation of newly acquired skills.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este estudo hermenêutico qualitativo concentrou-se em avaliar a eficácia de um programa de treinamento desenvolvido para 10 professores de Engenharia Informática da UNED. O objetivo principal era desenvolver competências na programação do robô humanoide NAO. A escolha do robô NAO foi baseada em sua versatilidade e na necessidade de modernizar as práticas de ensino no curso de graduação. Por meio de uma oficina de sala de aula virtual combinada com materiais teóricos e práticos, os professores adquiriram habilidades essenciais em programação e no design de atividades educacionais inovadoras, usando o robô como ferramenta pedagógica. Os resultados do estudo revelaram uma aceitação unânime (100%) dos professores em relação à incorporação do NAO em suas práticas de ensino. Os participantes destacaram a facilidade de implementação do robô e sua relevância para a melhoria da qualidade da educação. No entanto, foi enfatizada a necessidade de estudos periódicos e mais rigorosos para reforçar a confiabilidade dos resultados. Essa sugestão ressalta a importância da avaliação contínua e sistemática para consolidar os resultados obtidos. Em conclusão, o treinamento com o robô NAO teve um impacto positivo no desenvolvimento das competências digitais dos professores. Os professores puderam adquirir habilidades que lhes permitem programar e integrar a robótica em suas aulas, o que pode enriquecer significativamente a experiência de aprendizagem dos alunos. No entanto, foram identificados desafios relacionados à infraestrutura necessária para o uso do robô, ao tempo necessário para a prática e à implementação efetiva das habilidades recém-adquiridas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[competencia digital]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[innovación educacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[programación informática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[robot y robótica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[digital competence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[educational innovation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[computer programming]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[robot]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[robotics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[competência digital]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[inovação educacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[programação de computadores]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[robô]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[robótica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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