<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-3896</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Ambientales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ciencias Ambientales]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-3896</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-38962025000200002</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15359/rca.59-2.2</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Los medicamentos y su huella ambiental: estudio exploratorio de la gestión de sus residuos en una ciudad argentina]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pharmaceuticals drugs and their environmental footprint: an exploratory study on waste management in an Argentine city]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fontana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marcela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministerio de Salud de la Nación  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Neuquén, Argentina ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-38962025000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-38962025000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-38962025000200002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  (Introducción):  La farmacontaminación es un tema que preocupa de modo creciente en el nivel mundial, y Latinoamérica no es la excepción. Sin embargo, los datos sobre este fenómeno en la región siguen siendo limitados. Este estudio aborda una de las aristas del problema: la generación y gestión de residuos de medicamentos en el ámbito sanitario.  (Objetivo):  Caracterizar la generación y gestión de residuos de medicamentos provenientes de instituciones sanitarias, incluyendo farmacias comunitarias, establecimientos sanitarios con y sin internación, droguerías y veterinarias. Adicionalmente, analizar la operatoria y normativa asociada a estos residuos en los entes de control de la ciudad de Neuquén, Argentina (2023).  (Metodología):  Estudio observacional, transversal y prospectivo. La información fue recolectada mediante encuestas validadas, aplicadas a una muestra estratificada proporcional de 114 establecimientos sanitarios, y a través de entrevistas con representantes de los entes de control.  (Resultados):  Todos los establecimientos cumplen con las normativas ambientales vigentes. Las droguerías presentan una mejor gestión, así que destacan en trazabilidad, estandarización y capacitación. Aunque se utiliza el control de stock, se aplican pocas estrategias secundarias para reducir residuos y existe una insuficiente valorización de materiales. Si bien hay una actitud municipal proactiva para el control del fenómeno, esta no cuenta con un respaldo efectivo de otros niveles gubernamentales.  (Conclusiones):  La gestión de residuos en las instituciones sanitarias estudiadas presenta oportunidades de mejora. Según las variables evaluadas, el uso de herramientas y estrategias recomendadas para la gestión de calidad es limitado. Existe un compromiso positivo en el nivel municipal, pero no se replica en todas las instancias de gobierno. Además, la percepción y visibilidad de la farmacontaminación y sus riesgos es baja entre las personas involucradas en la cadena de uso de medicamentos.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  (Introduction):  Pharmaceutic contamination is a growing global concern, and Latin America is no exception. However, information specific to this phenomenon in the region remains scarce. This study addresses one aspect of the problem: the generation and management of pharmaceutical waste in healthcare settings.  (Objective):  To characterize the generation and management of pharmaceutical waste produced by healthcare institutions, including community pharmacies, healthcare facilities with and without inpatient services, pharmaceutical distributors, and veterinary clinics. Additionally, to analyze the operations and regulations governing this waste in regulatory entities within the city of Neuquén, Argentina (2023).  (Methodology):  Observational, cross-sectional, and prospective study. Data collection involved validated surveys applied to a proportional stratified sample of 114 healthcare establishments and interviews with representatives of regulatory entities.  (Results):  All establishments comply with current environmental regulations. Pharmaceutical distributors demonstrate superior management, excelling in traceability, standardization, and training. While stock control is utilized, there are few secondary strategies to reduce waste and insufficient material recovery. Municipal initiatives and attitudes towards controlling this phenomenon are positive but lack support from higher levels of government.  (Conclusions):  The management of pharmaceutical waste in the healthcare institutions studied shows room for improvement. According to the variables analyzed, the use of recommended tools and strategies for quality management is limited. A positive municipal commitment to addressing the issue was identified, but this is not reflected at all governmental levels. Furthermore, the perception and awareness of pharmaceutical contamination and its risks remain low among stakeholders in the pharmaceutical use chain.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[contaminantes emergentes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[economía circular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[farmacontaminación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[residuos farmacéuticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[riesgo ambiental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[circular economy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[emerging pollutants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[environmental risk, pharmaceutical waste]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pharmacopollution]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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