<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-3896</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Ambientales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ciencias Ambientales]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-3896</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-38962023000100007</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15359/rca.57-1.10</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Costo de oportunidad del manejo forestal en bosque natural del Área de Conservación Arenal Huetar Norte, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Opportunity cost of natural forest management in the Arenal Huetar Norte Conservation Area, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zúñiga-Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ugalde Alfaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sebastián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meza Picado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Víctor]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez Gamboa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jhonny]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,czunigamendez@gmail.com  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Oficina Nacional Forestal (ONF),  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional (UNA) Instituto de Investigación y Servicios Forestales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Comisión de Desarrollo Forestal de San Carlos (CODEFORSA)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-38962023000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-38962023000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-38962023000100007&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  (Introducción):  Parte del éxito de los programas de conservación se centra en la sostenibilidad económica que estos brindan a las personas propietarias de los bosques, dentro de una matriz de paisaje productivo cada vez más agresiva. Sin embargo, en la actualidad, la relación monetaria entre los usos del suelo y sus respectivas actividades productivas carece de datos empíricos que la expliquen.  (Objetivo):  Este estudio diseñó un modelo para evaluar el costo de oportunidad del manejo forestal en bosque natural, tomando como referencia las actividades productivas primarias que se desarrollan en sus colindancias.  (Metodología):  Se utilizó un set de datos de 24 sitios con plan de manejo forestal en bosque natural, aprobado por las autoridades forestales del Área de Conservación Arenal Huetar Norte, Costa Rica. Así mismo, se empleó información geográfica y productiva de los usos del suelo alternativos.  (Resultados):  Con dichos datos se generó un mapa de costo de oportunidad, que muestra una segregación marcada de los bosques en 2 zonas principales: a) zona de alto costo de oportunidad, ubicada al sur del área de estudio, con un rango de $1 000 a &#8805; $4 000 ha-1 año-1 y b) zona de medio y zona de bajo costo de oportunidad, al centro-norte del sitio de interés, con un rango de &#8804; $0 a $1 000 ha-1 año-1.  (Conclusiones):  Se concluye que, en la actualidad, las áreas idóneas para aprovechamiento maderable están restringidas a lugares alejados del mercado y caracterizadas por su bajo costo de oportunidad.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  (Introduction):  Part of the success of conservation programs is focused on the economic sustainability that they provide to the people who own the forests, within an increasingly aggressive productive landscape matrix. However, currently the economic relationship between land uses and their respective productive activities lacks empirical data to explain it.  (Objective):  This study designed a model to evaluate the opportunity cost of forest management in natural forests, taking as a reference the primary productive activities that take place in its surroundings.  (Methodology):  A data set of 24 sites with a forest management plan in natural forest, approved by the forest authorities of the Arenal Huetar Norte Conservation Area, Costa Rica, was used. Likewise, geographic and productive information on alternative land uses was applied.  (Results):  With these data, an opportunity cost map was generated, which shows a marked segregation of the forests into 2 main zones: a) high opportunity cost zone, located to the south of the study area, with a range of $1 000 to &#8805; $4 000 ha-1 yr-1; and b) medium zone and zone of low cost of opportunity, to the center-north of the site of interest, with a range of &#8804; $0 to $1 000 ha-1 year-1.  (Conclusions):  It is concluded that, at present, the ideal areas for timber harvesting are restricted to places far from the market and characterized by their low opportunity cost.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[costo de oportunidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[manejo forestal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[mapeo de paisaje]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[planificación de la conservación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[conservation planning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[opportunity cost]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[forest management]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[landscape mapping]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pressey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naidoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Opportunity costs: Who really pays for conservation? Biological Conservation]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>143</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>439-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Andrew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bariweni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Opportunity Costs of Forest Conservation in Wilberforce Island, Niger Delta, Nigeria]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Applied Sciences &amp; Environmental Management]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1965-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The Economics of Tropical Deforestation and Land Use: An Introduction to the Special Issue]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Land Economics]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>77</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>155-71</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bryan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[King]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ward]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modelling and mapping agricultural opportunity costs to guide landscape planning for natural resource management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecological Indicators]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>199-208</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camacho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Superficie de bosque susceptible de manejo forestal en Costa Rica y estimulación de su potencial productivo]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FONAFIFO-REED+]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camacho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diagnóstico corto sobre las barreras que desalientan el manejo de bosques naturales en Costa Rica y propuesta de solución]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FONAFIFO-REED+]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Los servicios ambientales de los bosques: el caso del cambio climático]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PNUD]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Contraloría General de la República</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Informe acerca de los efectos del Programa Pago por Servicios Ambientales (PSA) implementado por el Estado Costarricense]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Contraloría General de la República]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Decreto 38323 de 2014 (Ministerio de Ambiente y Energía)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Por el cual se establece el Pago por Servicios Ambientales para el año 2014]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Environmental Systems Research Institute (ESRI)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Cómo funciona Estadísticas focalizadas.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ArcGIS for Desktop]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferraro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Assigning Priority to Environmental Policy Interventions in a Heterogeneous World]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Policy Analysis and Management]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>27-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Evaluación de los recursos forestales mundiales 2015: ¿Cómo están cambiando los bosques del mundo?]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FAO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censo (INEC)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[VI Censo Nacional Agropecuario 2014: Información de cultivos anuales, permanentes, forestales, pastos y actividades pecuarias de los distritos Pital, Cutris y Florencia de San Carlos, y Cureña de Sarapiquí]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[INEC]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kniivilä]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saastamoinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The opportunity costs of forest conservation in a local economy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Silva Fennica]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leguia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimación de los Costos de Oportunidad: reporte metodológico Ecuador]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Programa Nacional Conjunto ONUREDD Ecuador (PNC ONUREDD)]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leguia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ledezma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Análisis del costo de oportunidad de la deforestación evitada en el noreste amazónico de Bolivia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Conservation Strategy Fund]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naidoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adamowicz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modeling Opportunity Costs of Conservation in Transitional Landscapes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Conservation Biology]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>490-500</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nakajima]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kanomata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shiraishi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsumoto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Development and analysis of an opportunity cost simulation accounting for the spatial distributions of local forest management]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of Forest Research]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>60</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>145-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nalle]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montgomery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arthur]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polasky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schumaker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modeling joint production of wildlife and timber.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Environmental Economics and Management]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<page-range>997-1017</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Navarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bermúdez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Análisis económico del impacto de las restricciones técnicas y legales sobre la rentabilidad del manejo bosques naturales y su competitividad respecto a otros usos de la tierra en Costa Rica]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SINAC-FAO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Oficina Nacional Forestal (ONF)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Usos y aportes de la Madera en Costa Rica: Estadísticas 2020 &amp; Precios 2021]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Mundo Creativo S. A.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económicos (OECD)</collab>
<collab>Fundación de la Universidad de Costa Rica para la Investigación (FUNDEVI)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Interacciones entre Políticas Públicas, Migración y Desarrollo en Costa Rica]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OECD]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gómez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villavicencio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Tipos de Bosque 2012 INFv5 (Data set)]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[REDD-CCAD-GIZ]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pagiola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bosquet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. (]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estimando los costos de REDD a nivel de país]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Forest Carbon Partneship Facility]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polasky]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nelson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lonsdorf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fackler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Starfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Conserving Species in a Working Landscape: Land Use with Biological and Economic Objectives]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecological Applications]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1387-401</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sierra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cambronero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patrones y factores de cambio de la cobertura forestal natural de Costa Rica, 1987-2013]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fondo Cooperativo para el Carbono de los Bosques]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Sistema Nacional de Áreas de Conservación (SINAC)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Reporte Estadístico Forestal 2013]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[GIZ]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lorenzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carboni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toro-Manríquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huertas-Herrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The politics behind scientific knowledge: Sustainable Forest management in Latin America]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Forest Policy and Economics]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>131</volume>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ugalde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Escenarios de productividad para Melina y Teca]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oficina Nacional Forestal]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vega-Araya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Desarrollo de un modelo de montos diferenciados de PSA considerando el costo de oportunidad asociado al uso de la tierra.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Informe Final]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FONAFIFO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[White]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Minang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimación de los Costos de Oportunidad de REDD+: Manual de Capacitación]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fondo Cooperativo para el Carbono de los Bosques]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zúñiga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rentabilidad del aprovechamiento maderable de los planes de manejo aprobados en el periodo 2010-2013 y su efecto en el costo de oportunidad de la tierra, para el Área de Conservación Arenal Huetar Norte, Costa Rica]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
