<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-3896</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Ambientales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ciencias Ambientales]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-3896</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-38962023000100001</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15359/rca.57/1.1</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Cierre de ciclos de nutrientes y generación de energía por medio del tratamiento anaerobio de las aguas residuales ordinarias: Estudio de caso en Las Juntas de Abangares, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Cycle closure of nutrients and power generation potential by anaerobic treatment of sewage: case study in Las Juntas de Abangares, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solano Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Viviana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Centeno Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Erick]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vidal Rivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paola]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Grupo PROAMSA  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Escuela de Ingeniería Civil y Centro de Investigación en Desarrollo Sostenible (CIEDES) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Escuela de Ingeniería Civil y Centro de Investigación en Desarrollo Sostenible (CIEDES) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-38962023000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-38962023000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-38962023000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  (Introducción): Una selección adecuada de tecnología en las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales (PTAR) y la búsqueda de soluciones para integrar estos sistemas en las comunidades se hacen necesarias para impulsar un saneamiento sostenible en la región latinoamericana.  (Objetivo): En este artículo se evalúa el potencial de recuperación de subproductos valorizables en una PTAR con reactor anaeróbico de flujo ascendente y manto de lodo, para ser aprovechados en la comunidad de Las Juntas de Abangares (10 000 habitantes), en el noroeste de Costa Rica.  (Metodología): Por medio de un modelo matemático de balance de masa y energía, se estimaron los flujos de nutrientes (N, P, K) y la generación de biogás en una PTAR propuesta para dicha población, con reactor anaeróbico como tecnología de tratamiento. Se evaluó el potencial de aprovechamiento de los nutrientes (fase líquida y sólida) para sustituir fertilizantes químicos en la región de Abangares y se compararon distintos aprovechamientos energéticos del biogás (fase gaseosa). Los datos utilizados como información de entrada del modelo corresponden a datos teóricos.  (Resultados): Los resultados muestran que la totalidad de nutrientes puede ser aprovechada en Abangares, pues esta oferta representaría menos del 1 % de la demanda total de la zona de pastizales del cantón. Adicionalmente, los potenciales ahorros derivados del aprovechamiento de los nutrientes y del biogás ascendieron hasta US$ 50 y 30 mil por año, respectivamente, y el aprovechamiento del biogás en sustitución de leña o gas para cocinar permitirían una PTAR carbono negativa.  (Conclusiones): El estudio muestra el potencial de los reactores anaeróbicos para impulsar un saneamiento sostenible en la región, que genere beneficios directos y permita una mejor integración del sistema de tratamiento en las comunidades de Costa Rica y otros países de Latinoamérica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  (Introduction): An adequate selection of technology in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and the search for solutions to integrate these systems in the communities are necessary to promote a sustainable sanitation in the Latin American region.  (Objective): This article evaluates the recovery potential of by-products in an anaerobicbased WWTP for the community of Las Juntas de Abangares (10 000 inhabitants).  (Methodology): A mathematical model of mass and energy balance in the community was formulated to estimate the nutrient fluxes (N, P, K) and biogas generation in a proposed WWTP for the population, with an anaerobic reactor as treatment technology. The potential of use of nutrients (liquid and solid phase) to substitute chemical fertilizers in the Abangares region was evaluated and different energy uses of biogas were compared.  (Results): The results show that all the nutrients can be used in Abangares, as this supply would represent less than 1 % of the total demand of the grassland area available in this area. Additionally, the potential savings derived from the use of nutrients and biogas amounted to US $ 50 and 30 thousand dollars per year, respectively, and the use of biogas to replace firewood or cooking gas would allow a negative carbon WWTP.  (Conclusions): The study shows the potential of anaerobic reactors to promote a sustainable sanitation in the region, generating direct benefits and allowing a better integration of the treatment systems in the communities of Costa Rica and other Latin American countries.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Biogás]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biosólidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[economía circular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[objetivo de desarrollo sostenible 6]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[saneamiento sostenible.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Biogas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biosolids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[circular economy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sustainable Development Objective 6]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sustainable sanitation]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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