<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-3896</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Ambientales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ciencias Ambientales]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-3896</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-38962021000100271</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15359/rca.55-1.13</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis comparativo de susceptibilidad de erosión y evaluación de incertidumbre en la subcuenca del Río Claro, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Comparative analysis of susceptibility to erosion and uncertainty evaluation at the sub-basin of the Claro River, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Rubio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iván]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flores]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mende]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andreas]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,UNED  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Nacional de Alta Tecnología (CeNAT)-Laboratorio PRIAS  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Nacional de Alta Tecnología (CeNAT)-Laboratorio PRIAS  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Gestión Ambiental y Sistemas de Información Geográfica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza (CATIE)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>271</fpage>
<lpage>293</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-38962021000100271&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-38962021000100271&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-38962021000100271&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen  (Introducción): La deforestación y la gestión insostenible de los sistemas de producción agrícola y ganadero en áreas montañosas han provocado la degradación de la tierra y una progresiva reducción en la provisión de los servicios ecosistémicos.  (Objetivo): En este artículo se desarrolla un análisis espacial de susceptibilidad de erosión en la subcuenca del río Claro, en el cordón montañoso Fila Cruces, en la región del Pacífico Sur de Costa Rica.  (Metodología):  Para ello se aplicaron los métodos de regresión logística y redes neuronales artificiales integrados en un entorno de sistemas de información geográfica (GIS) y empleando herramientas de teledetección. En ambos modelos se consideraron los siguientes factores explicativos: uso del suelo, geomorfología, pendiente, distancia euclidiana a la red de drenaje e índice de vegetación diferencial normalizado (NDVI, en sus siglas en inglés). Los mapas de susceptibilidad de erosión fueron validados independientemente por medio de la función características operativas del receptor (ROC, por sus siglas en inglés).  (Resultados):  El modelo de redes neuronales artificiales obtuvo un poder predictivo superior al de regresión logística (AUC, por sus siglas en inglés). Los factores con mayor poder explicativo variaron en función del modelo utilizado.  (Conclusiones): Los mapas de susceptibilidad de erosión mostraron una elevada alteración ecológica en términos de la probabilidad de ocurrencia de procesos de erosión, especialmente en la parte alta de la subcuenca, en terrenos ocupados por fincas de ganadería extensiva y elevada pendiente.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  (Introduction): Deforestation and unsustainable management of agricultural and livestock production systems in mountainous areas have caused land degradation and a progressive reduction in the provision of ecosystem services.  (Objective): This paper elaborates erosion susceptibility mapping applied at the local scale in the Claro river subbasin in the Fila Cruces mountain range, in Southern Pacific Costa Rica.  (Methodology): The spatial analysis was conducted using a geographic information system (GIS) environment employing two techniques, logistic regression and artificial neural networks, as well as remote sensing tools. Five conditional factors were finally evaluated for the models: land use, geomorphology, slope gradient, distance to streams, and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The erosion susceptibility maps were validated through the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) function.  (Results): The artificial neural network model showed higher predictive power than the logistic regression method based on the calculated value of the Area under the Curve (AUC). The factors with the greatest explanatory power varied depending on the model used.  (Conclusions): The erosion susceptibility maps showed a high ecological alteration in terms of the probability of occurrence of erosion processes, especially in the upper subbasin, lands mostly occupied by cattle ranching, and a steeply sloped morphology.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ganadería]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[redes neuronales artificiales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[regresión logística]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[subcuenca hidrográfica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[teledetección.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Artificial neural networks]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cattle ranching]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[logistic regression]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[remote sensing]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[subbasin.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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