<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-3470</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Uniciencia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Uniciencia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-3470</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-34702022000100405</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15359/ru.36-1.25</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Razonamiento inferencial de docentes de matemáticas de ensenza media sobre el estadístico t-Student]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Inferential reasoning of high school mathematics teachers about t-Student statistic]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Raciocínio inferencial de docentes de matemáticas do ensino médio sobre o teste estatístico t-Student]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lugo-Armenta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jes Guadalupe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pino-Fan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Roberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Los Lagos Departamento de Ciencias Exactas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Osorno ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Los Lagos Departamento de Ciencias Exactas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Osorno ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>405</fpage>
<lpage>428</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-34702022000100405&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-34702022000100405&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-34702022000100405&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Uno de los temas que han sido intensamente estudiados en la educación estadística,refiere a cómo promover el razonamiento inferencial formal (RIF) sobre la base de un razonamiento inferencial informal (RII). Sin embargo, aún es necesario contar con propuestas que permitan explorar y desarrollar progresivamente (del RII al RIF) el razonamiento inferencial de estudiantes y docentes. En este sentido, el objetivo de este artículo es caracterizar el razonamiento inferencial que evidencia el profesorado de matemáticas de enseñanza media en sus prácticas para resolver problemas sobre el estadístico t-Student. Para ello, utilizamos nociones teóricas y metodológicas introducidas por el enfoque ontosemiótico del conocimiento y la instrucción matemáticos (EOS), entre las cuales se encuentran la noción de práctica matemática, objeto matemático y una propuesta teórica de niveles progresivos de razonamiento inferencial sobre el estadístico t-Student. Los sujetos que participan en este estudio de corte cualitativo son 59 docentes en formación de Costa Rica y 22 en ejercicio de Chile. Las prácticas que desarrollaron los profesores de los grupos en formación y de los grupos en ejercicio resultaron tener elementos similares (representaciones, conceptos/definiciones, propiedades, procedimientos, argumentos). Como conclusión principal, se obtuvo que la propuesta de niveles de razonamiento inferencial para la t-Student resultó ser un predictor útil de las prácticas que desarrolló el profesorado, lo cual permite distinguir elementos característicos de cada uno de los niveles de razonamiento inferencial.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract One of the topics that have been deeply studied in Statistical Education is that of how to promote formal inferential reasoning (FIR) based on the results of informal inferential reasoning (IIR). However, it is still necessary to have proposals to explore and progressively develop the inferential reasoning of students and teachers from IIR to FIR. In this context, this article seeks to characterize the inferential reasoning displayed by high school mathematics teachers in the practices they developed for solving problems about Student&#8217;s t statistic.To do this, we use theoretical and methodological notions introduced by the Onto-Semiotic Approach (OSA) to mathematical knowledge and instruction, among which are the notion of mathematical practice, mathematical object and the theoretical proposal of progressive levels of inferential reasoning about the Student&#8217;s t statistic. The subjects who participated in this qualitative study were 59 teachers in training from Costa Rica and 22 practicing teachers from Chile. The practices developed by the pre-service teachers and the practicing teachers were found to have similar elements (representations, concepts/definitions, properties, procedures, arguments). The principal conclusion of this investigation was that the proposal of inferential reasoning levels about Student&#8217;s t statistic proved to be a useful predictor of the practices developed by the teachers, making it possible to distinguish characteristic elements of each level of inferential reasoning.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Um dos tópicos que têm sido intensamente estudados na educação estatística refere-se a como promover o raciocínio inferencial formal (RIF) com base no raciocínio inferencial informal (RII). Entretanto, ainda há necessidade de propostas para explorar e desenvolver progressivamente (de RII para RIF) o raciocínio inferencial de alunos e professores. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar o raciocínio inferencial evidenciado pelos professores de matemática do ensino médio em suas práticas para resolver problemas sobre a estatística t de Student. Para este fim, usamos noções teóricas e metodológicas introduzidas pela abordagem ontosemiótica do conhecimento e da instrução matemática (EOS), incluindo a noção de prática matemática, objeto matemático e uma proposta teórica de níveis progressivos de raciocínio inferencial sobre a estatística t de Student. Os sujeitos que participam deste estudo de coorte qualitativo são 59 professores estagiários da Costa Rica e 22 professores praticantes do Chile. As práticas desenvolvidas pelos grupos em formação e os grupos em exercício acabaram tendo elementos semelhantes (representações, conceitos/definições, propriedades, procedimentos, argumentos). A principal conclusão foi que a proposta de níveis de raciocínio inferencial para a t de Student provou ser um preditor útil das práticas desenvolvidas pelos professores, o que torna possível distinguir elementos característicos de cada um dos níveis de raciocínio inferencial]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Razonamiento inferencial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[t-Student]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inferencia estadística]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[práctica matemática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[educación estadística.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Inferential reasoning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Student&#8217;s t, statistical inference, mathematical practice, statistical education.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Raciocínio inferencial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[t-Student]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[inferência estatística]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[prática matemática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[educação estatística.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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