<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-3470</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Uniciencia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Uniciencia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-3470</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-34702020000100147</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15359/ru.34-1.9</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Evaluation of the hypothesis of the Monster of Troy vase as the earliest artistic record of a vertebrate fossil]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación de la hipótesis de la vasija del Monstruo de Troya como la representación artística más antigua de un fósil de vertebrado]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Avaliação da hipótese do vaso do monstro de Troia como a representação artística mais antiga de um fóssil de vertebrado]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monge-Nájera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julián]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,julianmonge@gmail.com  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ San José]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>147</fpage>
<lpage>151</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-34702020000100147&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-34702020000100147&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-34702020000100147&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The Monster of Troy, depicted in a 6th Century BC Corinthian vase, has been proposed to be the earliest artistic record of a vertebrate fossil, possibly a Miocene giraffe (Samotherium sp.). The purpose of the paper was to analyze the giraffe hypothesis using four approaches: a double-blind random design in which 78 biologists compared the vase skull with Samotherium and several reptiles; an informed survey of 30 art and science students who critically assessed the hypothesis based on images of candidate species; an objective computerized mathematical comparison of the images; and a detailed morphological comparison of the skulls. All of the participants rejected the giraffe hypothesis. The types of eyes and teeth unambiguously discard a mammal, whether fossil or living, as the model. The model was most likely an extant carnivorous reptile of the Varanidae family.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Se ha propuesto que el Monstruo de Troya, representado en un jarrón corintio del siglo VI a. C., es el registro artístico más antiguo de un fósil de vertebrado, posiblemente una jirafa del Mioceno (Samotherium sp.). Mi objetivo fue poner a prueba la hipótesis de la jirafa. Analicé la hipótesis de la jirafa en cuatro enfoques: un diseño aleatorio &#8220;doble ciego&#8221; en el que 78 biólogos compararon el cráneo del jarrón con Samotherium y varios reptiles; una encuesta informada de 30 estudiantes de artes y ciencias que evaluaron críticamente la hipótesis basándose en imágenes de especies candidatas; una comparación objetiva hecha mediante comparación matemática por un algoritmo de computadora; y una comparación morfológica detallada de los cráneos. Todos rechazaron la hipótesis de la jirafa. Los tipos de ojos y dientes descartan inequívocamente a un mamífero, sea fósil o vivo, como modelo; el modelo probablemente fue un reptil carnívoro de una especie que aún vive perteneciente a la familia Varanidae.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Foi proposto que o Monstro de Troia, representado em um vaso de Corinto do século VI a.C., é o registro artístico mais antigo de um fóssil de vertebrado, possivelmente uma girafa do Mioceno (Samotherium sp.). Meu objetivo era colocar à prova a hipótese da girafa. Analisei-a em quatro abordagens: um desenho aleatório "cego duplo", no qual 78 biólogos compararam o crânio do vaso com o Samotherium e vários répteis; uma pesquisa informada de 30 estudantes de artes e ciências que avaliaram criticamente a hipótese com base em imagens de espécies candidatas; uma comparação objetiva feita mediante comparação matemática por um algoritmo de computador; e uma comparação morfológica detalhada dos crânios. Todos rejeitaram a hipótese da girafa. Os tipos de olhos e dentes excluem inequivocamente um mamífero, seja fóssil ou vivo, como modelo; o modelo provavelmente era um réptil carnívoro de uma espécie que ainda existe, pertencente à família Varanidae.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Samotherium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Oxydactylus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Greek art]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[zoological representations]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ancient fauna]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Samotherium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Oxydactylus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[arte griego]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[representaciones zoológicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fauna antigua]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Samotherium]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Oxydactylus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[arte grega]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[representações zoológicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fauna antiga]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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