<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-3411</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Odovtos International Journal of Dental Sciences]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Odovtos]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-3411</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad de Odontología. Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-34112022000200069</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/ijds.2021.48079</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Antibacterial and antifungal capacity of three commercially available mouthwashes with different concentrations of chlorhexidine]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Efecto antibacteriano y antifúngico de tres enjuagues bucales comerciales con diferentes concentraciones de clorhexidina]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chavarría-Bolaños]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Esparza-Villalpando]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vicente]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karol]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Faculty of Dentistry ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes Facultad de Estomatología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Faculty of Dentistry ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>24</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>69</fpage>
<lpage>80</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-34112022000200069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-34112022000200069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-34112022000200069&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Chlorhexidine was introduced almost seven decades ago and has a myriad of applications in dentistry. Few studies have evaluated the antimicrobial and antifungal capacity of different concentrations of chlorhexidine mouthwashes. Therefore, the aim of this study, was to evaluate in vitro, the antibacterial and antifungal capacity of three commercially available mouthwashes in Costa Rica, with different concentrations of chlorhexidine, 0.12%, 0.06%, and 0.03%. The experimental method selected was the Kirby-Bauer method to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal effect of each compound by measuring the inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans strains, exposed to the antiseptic solutions. All samples showed some degree of antibacterial and antifungal effect. Even though we provide in vitro results, our findings are of relevance since all the species used in our experiment are microorganisms that may be present in dental plaque. Our results further support evidence that oral hygiene regimens may include mouthwashes with low doses of chlorhexidine and maintain reasonable antibacterial and antifungal efficacy.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La clorhexidina se introdujo hace casi siete décadas y tiene una gran variedad de aplicaciones en odontología. Pocos estudios han evaluado la capacidad antimicrobiana y antifúngica de diferentes concentraciones de enjuagues bucales con clorhexidina. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar in vitro, la capacidad antibacteriana y antifúngica de tres enjuagues bucales disponibles comercialmente en Costa Rica, con diferentes concentraciones de clorhexidina, 0.12%, 0.06% y 0.03%. El método experimental seleccionado fue el método Kirby-Bauer para evaluar el efecto antibacteriano y antifúngico de cada compuesto midiendo el efecto inhibidor sobre Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli y Candida albicans, expuestos a la solución antiséptica. Todas las muestras mostraron algún grado de efecto antibacteriano y antifúngico. Aunque proporcionamos resultados in vitro, nuestros hallazgos son de relevancia, ya que todas las especies utilizadas en nuestro experimento son microorganismos que pueden estar presentes en la placa dental. Nuestros resultados respaldan aún más la evidencia de que los regímenes de higiene bucal pueden incluir enjuagues bucales con dosis bajas de clorhexidina y mantener una eficacia antibacteriana y antifúngica razonable.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Chlorhexidine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Mouthwashes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Antibacterial effect]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Low-dose concentration mouthwash]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Chlorhexidina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enjuagues bucales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Efecto antibacteriano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Enjuague bucal de baja concentración]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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