<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-3403</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Economía y Sociedad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Economía y Sociedad]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-3403</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-34032021000100034</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15359/eys.26-59.2</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Implicaciones de los principios precautorio y preventivo para el derecho a un ambiente sano en América Latina]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Implications of the precautionary and preventive principles for the right to a healthy environment in Latin America]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Implicações dos princípios de precaução e prevenção para o direito a um meio ambiente saudável na América Latina]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azamar Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aleida]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Xochimilco ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>59</numero>
<fpage>34</fpage>
<lpage>47</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-34032021000100034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-34032021000100034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-34032021000100034&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las implicaciones de los principios de precaución y prevención para la regulación ambiental de la minería y el fracking en América Latina para garantizar el acceso a un ambiente sano. La metodología empleada consistió en revisión documental de distintas fuentes sobre dichas actividades y sus consecuencias, así como en el análisis de la parte legislativa sobre los principios de precaución y de prevención. Los resultados indican que la forma en que dichas herramientas normativas se han aplicado carece de efectos en el largo plazo para la prevención de otros riesgos. Como conclusión, se estima que la debilidad institucional y la dependencia de estas actividades en la región es lo que provocan la falta de políticas integrales que garanticen bienestar socioambiental en el largo plazo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper aims to analyze the implications of the precautionary and prevention principles as used in the mining and fracking environmental regulation in Latin America in order to guarantee access to a healthy environment. The methodology used consisted of a document review of different sources on these activities and their consequences, as well as an analysis of legislation regarding the precaution and prevention principles. Results indicate that the way in which these regulatory tools have been applied has no long-term effects for the prevention of other risks. It is concluded that both institutional weakness and dependence on these activities in the region is what causes the lack of comprehensive policies that guarantee socio-environmental well-being in the long term.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as implicações dos princípios da precaução e prevenção para o regulamento ambiental da mineração e do fraturamento hidráulico na América Latina com o fim de garantir o acesso a um meio ambiente saudável. A metodologia utilizada consistiu na revisão documental de diferentes fontes sobre essas atividades e suas consequências, bem como na análise da parte legislativa sobre os princípios da precaução e prevenção. Os resultados indicam que a forma como essas ferramentas normativas têm sido aplicadas não tem efeitos de longo prazo para a prevenção de outros riscos. Em conclusão, estima-se que a fragilidade institucional e a dependência dessas atividades na região são as responsáveis pela falta de políticas integrais que garantam o bem-estar socioambiental de longo prazo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Regulación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[riesgos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[minería]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fracking.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[regulation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risks]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mining]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fracking.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[regulamento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[riscos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[mineração]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[fraturamento hidráulico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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