<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2215-2652</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Ingeniería]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2215-2652</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2215-26522023000100022</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/ri.v33il.50910</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Understanding the determinants of fuel demand in Costa Rica, 1965-2019: Price, Income, and registered vehicles]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hacia una mejor comprensión de los determinantes de la demanda por combustibles en Costa Rica, 1965-2019: precio, ingreso y flota vehicular]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[San José ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>22</fpage>
<lpage>33</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2215-26522023000100022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2215-26522023000100022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2215-26522023000100022&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La demanda de combustible durante los últimos 50 años en Costa Rica se incrementó constantemente. ¿Cuánto contribuyen el ingreso nacional bruto y el precio de los combustibles a explicar estas tendencias? Este artículo explora la existencia de relaciones causales entre crecimiento económico, precio de combustibles y demanda de transporte (representada por el consumo de gasolina y diésel y por la flota vehicular). Se estimaron modelos de vectores autorregresivos para series de tiempo correspondientes a 1965-2019. Se encontraron relaciones causales entre demanda de combustibles e ingresos, pero no con flota vehicular. Se documentaron los efectos del precio sobre la demanda e ingreso, lo cual es muy relevante para la formulación de políticas públicas (en particular, posibles impuestos a los combustibles como estrategia de mitigación de emisiones de carbono).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Fuel demand during the last 50 years in Costa Rica has increased constantly. Do the price of fuels and Gross National Income contribute to explain these trends? This paper explores the existence of causal relations between economic growth, fuel price, and transport demand (represented by fuel consumption and registered vehicles). Vector autoregression (VAR) models were estimated with a time series of data of 1965-2019. Causal relations were found between fuel demand and income, but not with registered vehicles. The effect of price on demand and income were documented, which is important for policy formulation (in particular, possible taxation of fuel demand as a carbon mitigation strategy).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Fuel demand]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[fuel price]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[income]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[registered vehicles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[VAR]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Granger causality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Consumo de combustibles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[precio de combustibles]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ingreso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[flota vehicular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[modelo de vectores autorregresivos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[causalidad de Granger]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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