<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-4932</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Nacional de Administración]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Nac. Adm.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-4932</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Estatal a Distancia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-49322022000100001</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22458/rna.v12i2.3767</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Innovative models of cooperative of independent workers for decent work in Europe]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Modelos innovadores de cooperativa de trabajadores independientes por el trabajo decente en Europa]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francesca]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Heusch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sarah]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toncelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raffaella]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shamku]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mila]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Studi Doc Foundation  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Verona ]]></addr-line>
<country>Italy</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Smart cooperative  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Brussels ]]></addr-line>
<country>Belgium</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Coopaname  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Paris ]]></addr-line>
<country>France</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,European Confederation of Industrial and Service Cooperatives (CECOP)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Brussels ]]></addr-line>
<country>Belgium</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-49322022000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-49322022000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-49322022000100001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT: The socio-economic context is constantly challenging traditional employment relationships while new forms of employment are emerging, with acute risk of precarity for workers. In Europe, some non-standard workers find collective action as a valid alternative to the isolation and experiment solidarity and access to social security thanks to innovative cooperative models. The argument of the research is that the cooperative of independent workers is a viable opportunity to secure the working path of non-standard workers. The research focuses on a multiple case study approach involving three European cooperatives: the Italian Doc Servizi, the European Smart, and the Parisian Coopaname. The analysis of common and different practices among the cooperatives will show how cooperation can mitigate non-standard workers isolation and precariousness, how similar strategies are applied in different European countries, and how legal frameworks influence the operability of cooperative models. JEL Code: O35 (social innovation)]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN: El contexto socioeconómico desafía constantemente las relaciones laborales tradicionales mientras surgen nuevas formas de empleo, con un grave riesgo de precariedad para los trabajadores. En Europa, algunos trabajadores atípicos encuentran la acción colectiva como una alternativa válida al aislamiento y experimentan la solidaridad y el acceso a la seguridad social gracias a modelos cooperativos innovadores. El argumento de la investigación es que la cooperativa de trabajadores independientes es una oportunidad viable para asegurar el camino laboral de los trabajadores atípicos. La investigación se centra en un enfoque de estudio de caso múltiple que involucra a tres cooperativas europeas: la italiana Doc Servizi, la European Smart y la parisina Coopaname. El análisis de prácticas comunes y diferentes entre las cooperativas mostrará cómo la cooperación puede mitigar el aislamiento y la precariedad de los trabajadores atípicos, cómo se aplican estrategias similares en diferentes países europeos y cómo los marcos legales influyen en la operatividad de los modelos cooperativos. JEL Code: O35 (social innovation)]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="fr"><p><![CDATA[RÉSUMÉ: Le contexte socio-économique défie constamment les relations de travail traditionnelles alors que de nouvelles formes d'emploi apparaissent, avec un risque sérieux de précarité pour les travailleurs. En Europe, certains travailleurs atypiques trouvent l'action collective comme une alternative valable à l'isolement et expérimentent la solidarité et l'accès à la sécurité sociale grâce à des modèles coopératifs innovants. L'argument de la recherche est que la coopérative de travailleurs indépendants est une opportunité viable pour sécuriser la voie de travail des travailleurs atypiques. La recherche se concentre sur une approche d'étude de cas multiple impliquant trois coopératives européennes : l'italienne Doc Services, l'European Smart et la parisienne Coopanam. L'analyse des pratiques communes et différentes entre les coopératives montrera comment la coopération peut atténuer l'isolement et la précarité des travailleurs atypiques, comment des stratégies similaires sont mises en &#339;uvre dans différents pays européens et comment les cadres juridiques influencent le fonctionnement des modèles coopératifs. JEL Code: O35 (social innovation)]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO: O contexto socioeconômico desafia constantemente as relações tradicionais de trabalho, enquanto novas formas de emprego emergem, com risco grave de precarização para os trabalhadores. Na Europa, alguns trabalhadores atípicos acham a ação coletiva uma alternativa válida ao isolamento e experimentam a solidariedade e o acesso à segurança social devido a modelos cooperativos inovadores. O argumento da investigação é que a cooperativa de trabalhadores independentes é uma oportunidade viável de garantir a trajetória de trabalho dos trabalhadores atípicos. A investigação centra-se em um enfoque de estudo de caso múltiplo envolvendo três cooperativas europeias: a italiana Doc Servizi, a European Smart e a parisiense Coopaname. A análise das práticas comuns e diferentes entre cooperativas mostrará como a cooperação pode mitigar o isolamento e a precariedade dos trabalhadores atípicos, como estratégias semelhantes são aplicadas em diferentes países europeus e como os marcos legais influenciam o funcionamento dos modelos cooperativos. JEL Code: O35 (social innovation)]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[WORKER COOPERATIVE]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[NON-STANDARD EMPLOYMENT]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COOPERATIVE OF INDEPENDENT WORKERS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[DECENT WORK]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[TRABAJADOR]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COOPERATIVA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[EMPLEO NO ESTÁNDAR]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[COOPERATIVA DE TRABAJADORES INDEPENDIENTES]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[TRABAJO DECENTE]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[TRAVAILLEUR]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[COOPÉRATIVE]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[EMPLOI NON STANDARD]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[COOPÉRATIVE DE TRAVAILLEURS INDÉPENDANTS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="fr"><![CDATA[TRAVAIL DÉCENT]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[TRABALHADOR]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[COOPERATIVA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[EMPREGO NÃO PADRÃO]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[COOPERATIVA DE TRABALHADORES INDEPENDENTES]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[TRABALHO DECENTE]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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