<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-4266</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Investigación UNED]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Investigación UNED]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-4266</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-42662025000100009</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22458/urj.v17i1.5548</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The study of tourism in Costa Rica from the perspective of Recreational Ecology]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El estudio del turismo en Costa Rica desde la perspectiva de la Ecología Recreativa]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moya-Calderón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrillo-Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ugalde-Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-Ledezma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barriocanal-Lozano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Programa de Investigaciones en Gestión Sostenible de los Recursos Naturales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica Instituto Internacional en Conservación y Manejo de Vida Silvestre ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica Carrera de Gestión de Recursos Naturales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universitat de Barcelona Departamento de Geografía ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-42662025000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-42662025000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-42662025000100009&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Introduction: Tourism in protected areas has grown globally, boosting conservation and the economy but also generating negative ecological impacts. Recreational Ecology studies these effects, addressing challenges such as habitat degradation and carrying capacity to promote sustainable management strategies. Objective: To identify key themes in Costa Rica&#8217;s recreational ecology, including ecological impacts and sustainable management. Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature and carefully selected 15 out of 39 relevant documents, focusing specifically on experimental studies of ecological impacts. Results: Over the last decade, most research has examined the effects of tourism on wildlife. Our analysis reveals significant impacts, including alterations in animal behavior, intensified soil erosion, and elevated CO2 emissions, all driven by the increasing presence of tourists in natural habitats. Conclusion: As tourism grows, its ecological consequences become more severe, necessitating urgent strategies for sustainable tourism in protected areas of Costa Rica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Introducción: El turismo en áreas protegidas ha crecido globalmente, impulsando la conservación y la economía, pero también generando impactos ecológicos negativos. La Ecología Recreativa estudia estos efectos, abordando desafíos como la degradación del hábitat y la capacidad de carga para promover estrategias de manejo sostenible. Objetivo: Identificar temas claves en la ecología recreacional costarricense, incluyendo efectos ecológicos y administración sostenible. Métodos: Revisamos sistemáticamente la literatura y seleccionamos 15 de 39 documentos relevantes, enfocándonos en estudios experimentales sobre impactos ecológicos. Resultados: En la última década, la mayoría de las investigaciones han examinado los efectos del turismo sobre la fauna. Nuestro análisis revela impactos significativos, como alteraciones en el comportamiento animal, mayor erosión del suelo y aumento de emisiones de CO2, impulsados por la creciente presencia de turistas en hábitats naturales. Conclusión: A medida que el turismo crece, sus consecuencias ecológicas se agravan, lo que exige estrategias urgentes para un turismo sostenible en áreas protegidas de Costa Rica.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ecotourism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[recreational activities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[protected areas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[sustainable development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ecological impacts]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ecoturismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[actividades recreativas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[áreas protegidas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desarrollo sostenible]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[impactos ecológicos]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarado-Van der Laat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Tortuguero National Park, Costa Rica: Baseline CO2 Emissions from Boat Tours into the Channels System]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Low Carbon Economy,]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>05</volume>
<numero>01</numero>
<issue>01</issue>
<page-range>19-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Balmford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Green]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anderson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beresford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naidoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Walpole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manica]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Walk on the wild side: Estimating the global magnitude of visits to protected areas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PLoS Biology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boucher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aviles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chepote]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez Gil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vilchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recovery of trailside vegetation from trampling in a tropical rain forest]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Management]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>257-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carrillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaughan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Variación en el comportamiento de Procyon spp. (Carnivora: Procyonidae) por la presencia de turistas en un área silvestre de Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>3B</numero>
<issue>3B</issue>
<page-range>843-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davenport]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davenport]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The impact of tourism and personal leisure transport on coastal environments: A review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science,]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>1-2</numero>
<issue>1-2</issue>
<page-range>280-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eagles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. F. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Research priorities in park tourism]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Sustainable Tourism]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>528-49</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farrell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marion]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Identifying and assessing ecotourism visitor impacts at eight protected areas in Costa Rica and Belize.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Conservation]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>215-25</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fondren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Swierk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Putman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Clothing color mediates lizard responses to humans in a tropical forest]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biotropica]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>172-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hammitt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cole]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Wildland recreation: Ecology and management]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[John Wiley &amp; Sons]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>ICT (Instituto Costarricense de Turismo).</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Visitas de residentes y no residentes a las áreas silvestres protegidas]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<month>).</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jacobson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biological impacts of ecotourism - Tourists and nesting turtles in Tortuguero National Park, Costa Rica.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Wildlife Society Bulletin]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>414-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kauffman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Interactions between tourists and white-faced monkeys (Cebus capucinus) at Manuel Antonio National Park, Quepos, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Primate Tourism]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<page-range>230-44</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Krüger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of ecotourism in conservation: Panacea or Pandora&#8217;s box?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biodiversity and Conservation]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>579-600</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.-F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marion]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farrell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recreation ecology in sustainable tourism and ecotourism: A strengthening role]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCool]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moisey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Tourism, recreation and sustainability: Linking culture and the environment]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<page-range>19-37</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[CABI]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lippold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Primate population decline at Cabo Blanco Absolute Nature Reserve, Costa Rica.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Brenesia]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>145-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeyda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mulder]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ols]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dirzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeyda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quispe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valdelomar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villareal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quiros]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lewis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Broadbent]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ecotourism: the &#8216;human shield&#8217; for wildlife conservation in the Osa Peninsula, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Ecotourism]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>197-216</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Newsome]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dowling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Natural area tourism: Ecology, impacts and management]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Channel View Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marion]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leung]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.-F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eagleston]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burroughs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review and synthesis of recreation ecology research findings on visitor impacts to wilderness and protected natural areas.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Forestry]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>114</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>352-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McKinney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Species-Specific Responses to Tourist Interactions by White-Faced Capuchins (Cebus imitator) and Mantled Howlers (Alouatta palliata) in a Costa Rican Wildlife Refuge.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal of Primatology]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>573-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lobo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effect of tourist vessels on the behaviour of the pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata, in Drake Bay and Caño Island, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Cetacean Research and Management]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>285-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pickering]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hadwen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recent advances in recreation ecology and the implications of different relationships between recreation use and ecological impacts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pickering]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Byrne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The benefits of publishing systematic quantitative literature reviews for PhD candidates and other early-career researchers]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Higher Education Research &amp; Development]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>33</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>534-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Porras]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chacón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Human-wildlife interactions in a major tourist destination: Manuel Antonio National Park, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Revollo-Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lithgow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Von Thaden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar-Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. del P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez de los Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Unlocking local and regional development through tourism: Exploring the potential of agroforestry and regenerative livestock farming in Mexico]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Economies]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>12</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schulte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gutiérrez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lynch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Human-monkey interaction dynamics and their dietary impacts on central american white-faced capuchins (Cebus imitator) at Manuel Antonio National Park, Costa Rica.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Neotropical Primates]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>1-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sumanapala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wolf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Recreational ecology: A review of research and gap analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environments]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Turismo y Espacios Naturales Protegidos en Costa Rica: Enfrentamiento o Concertación.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Sociales]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>123-124</volume>
<page-range>49-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harden]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Estimating trail-related soil erosion in the humid tropics: Jatun Sacha, Ecuador, and La Selva, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ambio]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>517-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weaver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Magnitude of ecotourism in Costa Rica and Kenya.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Annals of Tourism Research]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>792-816</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Webb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McCoy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ecotourism and primate habituation: Behavioral variation in two groups of white-faced capuchins (Cebus capucinus) from Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>909-18</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
