<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-4266</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Investigación UNED]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Cuadernos de Investigación UNED]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-4266</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-42662019000300430</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22458/urj.v11i3.2723</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Diet and reproduction of Joturus pichardi (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) in the Pacuare River basin, Costa Rica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Alimentación y reproducción del pez Joturus pichardi(Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) en la cuenca del Río Pacuare, Costa Rica&#8221;.]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera-Solano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Derick]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco S]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stange-Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Contreras-Picado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jennifer]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Asociación Costarricense de Acuarismo para la Conservación de los Ecosistemas Dulceacuícolas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,UDP Ciencias Neotropicales  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>El Salvador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Fundación Naturaleza El Salvador  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>El Salvador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Los Lagos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Chile</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Asociación Costarricense de Acuarismo para la Conservación de los Ecosistemas Dulceacuícolas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>430</fpage>
<lpage>435</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-42662019000300430&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-42662019000300430&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-42662019000300430&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Introduction: Joturus pichardi is an important migratory species that inhabits the rivers of the Atlantic zone of Costa Rica and has been little studied. Objective: To describe the diet and reproduction of J. pichardi and its relationship with environmental factors in the Pacuare River basin. Methods: Sixteen sampling sites were selected along the main channel or Pacuare River. The samplings were performed from October 2015 to October 2016. The gonads, stomach, and intestines of seven individuals of J. pichardi were analyzed. The relationship of J. pichardi between the physicochemical variables of the water and the structure of the habitat was analyzed. Results: Twenty individuals were collected at an elevation of 225-235masl. The occurrence of J. pichardi was related to sites with higher river velocity, high values of dissolved oxygen, rock substrate and forest land use. All the individuals analyzed had visceral fat and endoparasites in the stomach. Bryophytes, ferns, macroinvertebrates, and detritus were identified as part of the diet of J. pichardi. According to the analysis of gonads in adults, the individuals were identified in the gonadal state types I, II and V. Conclusions: Our results suggest J. pichardi is an omnivorous species associated with sites with rocks, rapids, well-oxygenated waters, and forest land use. Also, the analysis of gonads coincides with the known reproduction period of the species. Finally, individuals of Neoechinorhynchus spp. are recorded for the first time in stomachs of J. pichardi in Costa Rica.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen &#8220;Alimentación y reproducción de Joturus pichardi (Mugiliformes: Mugilidae) en la cuenca del Río Pacuare, Costa Rica&#8221;. Introducción: Joturus pichardi es una importante especie migratoria que habita en los ríos de la zona Atlántica de Costa Rica y ha sido poco estudiada. Objetivo: Describir la dieta y reproducción de J. pichardi y su relación con factores ambientales en la cuenca del Río Pacuare. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 16 sitios de muestreo a lo largo del canal principal. Los muestreos se realizaron de octubre de 2015 a octubre de 2016. Se analizaron gónadas, estómago e intestinos de siete individuos de J. pichardi. Se analizó la relación de J. pichardi entre las variables fisicoquímicas del agua y la estructura del hábitat. Resultados: Veinte individuos fueron recolectados a una elevación de 225-235msnm. La presencia de J. pichardi se relacionó con sitios con mayor velocidad del río, altos valores de oxígeno disuelto, sustrato de roca y uso de suelo forestal. Todos los individuos analizados tenían grasa visceral y endoparásitos en el estómago. Se identificaron briófitos, helechos, macroinvertebrados y detritos como parte de la dieta de J. pichardi. Según el análisis de las gónadas en adultos, los individuos fueron identificados en el estado gonadal tipos I, II y V. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugieren que J. pichardi es una especie omnívora asociada con sitios con rocas, rápidos, aguas bien oxigenadas y uso de suelo forestal. Además, el análisis de gónadas coincide con el período de reproducción conocido de la especie. Finalmente, individuos de Neoechinorhynchus spp. se registran por primera vez en estómagos de J. pichardi en Costa Rica.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Freshwater fish]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Central America]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diadromous fishes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[migration]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[endoparasite]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Peces de agua dulce]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Centro América]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[peces diádromos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[migración]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[endoparásito]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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