<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-3359</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tec Empresarial]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Tec Empre.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-3359</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-33592020000200032</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18845/te.v14i2.5093</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Una mirada a la evolución de la creación de spin-offs académicas en países iberoamericanos: los casos de España y Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[A look at the evolution of the academic spin-offs creation in iberoamerican countries: the cases of Spain and Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales Gualdrón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Silvia Teresa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Antioquia Grupo Ingeniería y Sociedad, Departamento de Ingeniería Industrial Facultad de Ingeniería]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Medellín ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>32</fpage>
<lpage>46</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-33592020000200032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-33592020000200032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-33592020000200032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La creación de empresas a partir de resultados de investigación-spin-offs académicas- es un fenómeno que se ha consolidado en países líderes en investigación a nivel mundial, como Estados Unidos, Francia, Reino Unido e Israel, entre otros, pero que a nivel de Iberoamérica es de reciente implementación. Este artículo presenta un análisis sobre el desarrollo de las spin-offs académicas en dos países iberoamericanos, España y Colombia, abordando algunos aspectos fundamentales, como lo son: las capacidades para la I+D+i, el marco normativo, la disponibilidad de recursos e infraestructura de apoyo para las diferentes etapas del proceso de creación de una empresa. Los resultados muestran un mayor desarrollo en el caso español que en el colombiano, no obstante, en ambos casos se han ido fortaleciendo las capacidades institucionales para la investigación y desarrollo en las universidades, se han eliminado barreras jurídicas para la participación de las universidades y de los empleados públicos docentes en la creación de estas empresas, y se ha ido consolidando un ecosistema de apoyo al emprendimiento de base tecnológica que favorecerá, en los próximos años, los procesos de generación de spin-offs.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The research based companies creation - academic spinoffs - is a phenomenon that has been consolidated in developed countries, such as the United States, France, the United Kingdom and Israel; nevertheless, this kind of companies appeared recently in Ibero-American countries. This article presents an analysis on the development of academic spin-offs in two Ibero-American countries, Spain and Colombia. Some critical aspects were analyzed: R &amp; D investment, regulatory framework, availability of financial resources, and support infrastructure for firm creation. The results highlight a greater development in the Spanish case than in the Colombian one but, in both cases, the institutional competences for research and development of the universities' capacities have been strengthened, some legal barriers for public employees and universities' shareholder participation have been eliminated, and a support ecosystem for technology-based entrepreneurship has been consolidated, which will favor academic spin-off processes in the future.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Spin-offs]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Spin-offs académicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[transferencia tecnológica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[emprendimiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[universidades]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Iberoamérica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Colombia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[España]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spin-off]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[academic spin-offs]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[entrepreneurship]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[technology transfer]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[universities]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ibero-American]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Colombia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spain]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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