<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-1321</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Mesoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-1321</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-13212021000300888</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/am.v32i3.41608</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Descomposición y liberación de nutrientes en biomasa por poda de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en Rionegro, Santander, Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Decomposition and release of nutrients in biomass generated by cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) pruning in Rionegro, Santander, Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas-Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jairo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Cabralez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leidy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobar-Pachajoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Laura]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas-Buitrago]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mervin]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaimes-Suarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yeirme]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Universitario de la Paz-Unipaz  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>888</fpage>
<lpage>900</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-13212021000300888&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-13212021000300888&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-13212021000300888&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Introducción. El ciclaje de nutrientes cumple un papel muy importante dentro de la sostenibilidad de sistemas productivos. En el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.), la descomposición de la biomasa generada por las podas es base fundamental en la dinámica de nutrientes dentro del sistema. Objetivo. Cuantificar la tasa de descomposición y liberación de nutrientes de diferentes tipos de residuos vegetales generados por labores de poda del árbol de cacao. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó en una finca cacaotera localizada en Rionegro, Santander, Colombia, entre junio y diciembre de 2012. Se estimó la tasa de descomposición y liberación de nutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) en los tratamientos T1: hojas y ramillas, T2: ramas secundarias y T3: ramas primarias, durante cinco períodos (8, 15, 23, 84 y 113 días); a través de la técnica de bolsas de descomposición. Resultados. La tasa de descomposición y liberación de nutrientes en hojas y ramillas fue significativamente más alta a los ocho días (0,1 k día-1), en comparación con ramas secundarias (0,06 k día-1) y ramas primarias (0,05 k día-1). La descomposición de las ramas secundarias presentó tendencia a ser constante a través del tiempo, pero fue el material con mayor porcentaje de liberación de nutrientes al final de la evaluación (91,4 % N; 83,67 % P; 87,40 K; 82,17 % Ca y 77,29 % Mg). Conclusión. Al inicio de la descomposición y liberación de nutrientes el aporte de estos al sistema se dio por la biomasa obtenida a partir de hojas y ramillas; sin embargo, conforme avanzó el tiempo el aporte se dio por la biomasa de ramas secundarias y primarias con una liberación más lenta de nutrientes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Introduction. Nutrient cycling plays a very important role in the sustainability of production systems. In the cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) cultivation, the biomass decomposition generated by pruning is a fundamental basis in the dynamics of nutrients within the system. Objective. To quantify the rate of decomposition and nutrient release of different types of plant waste generated by pruning of cocoa trees. Materials and methods. The study was conducted in a cocoa farm located in Rionegro, Santander, Colombia, between June and December 2012. The rate of decomposition and nutrient release (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) was estimated in the treatments T1: leaves and twigs, T2: secondary branches and T3: primary branches, during five periods (8, 15, 23, 84 and 113 days); through decomposition bag technique. Results. The rate of decomposition and nutrient release in leaves and twigs was significantly higher at 8 days (0.1 k day-1) compared to the secondary branches (0.06 k day-1) and primary branches (0.05 k day-1). The decomposition of the secondary branches showed a tendency to be constant through time, but it was the material with the highest percentage of nutrient release at the end of the evaluation (91.4 % N; 83.67 % P; 87.40 K; 82.17 % Ca and 77.29 % Mg). Conclusion. At the beginning of the decomposition and nutrient release, the contribution of these to the system was given by the biomass obtained from leaves and twigs; however, as time progressed, the contribution was given by the biomass of secondary and primary branches with a slower nutrient release.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cultivo de cacao]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ciclaje de nutrientes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[materia orgánica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[residuos vegetales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cocoa crop]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[nutrient cycling]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[organic matter]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[plant residues]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acebo-Plaza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estudios industriales, orientación estratégica para la toma de decisiones. Industria del cacao. Guayaquil]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Allison]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vitousek]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Extracellular enzyme activities and carbon chemistry as drivers of tropical plant litter decomposition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biotropica]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>285-96</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Báez-Daza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Producción y aporte de nutrientes en la hojarasca de las especies abarco (Cariniana piryformis M), teca (Tectona grandis L.f.) y cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) en un sistema agroforestal en los municipios de Rionegro, Santander y Muzo, Boyacá]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Ciencias Aplicadas y Ambientales]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bärlocher]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Leaf mass loss estimated by litter bag technique]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Methods to study litter decomposition: A practical guide]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<page-range>37-42</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutrient release from litter and humus in coniferous forest soils- a mini review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>359-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castellanos-Barliza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León-Peláez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Descomposición de hojarasca y liberación de nutrientes en plantaciones de Acacia mangium (Mimosaceae) establecidas en suelos degradados de Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Biología Tropical]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>59</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>113-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Echeverri-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El establecimiento del cultivo de cacao]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Tecnología moderna en la producción de cacao: manual para productores orgánicos]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<page-range>15-20</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escudero-de-Fonseca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arias-Villamizar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Los microorganismos en los abonos orgánicos a partir de podas en la universidad del norte, Colombia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Internacional de Contaminación Ambiental]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>Supl. 1</numero>
<issue>Supl. 1</issue>
<page-range>69-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fontes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gama-Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gama-Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. V. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Machado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. C. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutrient stocks in litterfall and litter in cocoa agroforests in Brazil]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Soil]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>383</volume>
<page-range>313-35</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goma-Tchimbakala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernhard-Reversat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Comparison of litter dynamics in three plantations of an indigenous timber-tree species (Terminalia superba) and a natural tropical forest in Mayombe, Congo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Forest Ecology and Management]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>229</volume>
<numero>1&#8211;3</numero>
<issue>1&#8211;3</issue>
<page-range>304-13</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzmán-Rivero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levy-Mérida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Producción de biomasa y nutrientes que genera la poda en sistemas agroforestales sucesionales y tradicionales con cacao, Alto Beni, Bolivia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Acta Nova]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>2-3</numero>
<issue>2-3</issue>
<page-range>263-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holdridge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ecología basada en zonas de vida]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<edition>5</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Interamericano de Cooperación para la Agricultura]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barbour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weyers]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chemical composition of crop biomass impacts its decomposition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Soil Science Society of America Journal]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>155-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Baez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez-González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinosa-Zaragoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villarreal-Fuentes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wong-Villarreal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diversidad vegetal y sustentabilidad del sistema agroforestal de cacao en la región de la selva de Chiapas, México]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>55-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lozano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Varila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Desarrollo regional sostenible en zonas rurales: Una aproximación al cultivo de cacao en el departamento de Santander]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Católica de Colombia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mafongoya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Decomposition and nitrogen release patterns of tree prunings and litter]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Directions in tropical agroforestry research]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<page-range>77-97</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Springer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mateus-Caicedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reyes-Orozco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Diagnóstico de la producción y comercialización de los productores de Cacao asociados a la Federación Nacional de Cacaoteros (FEDECACAO) en el municipio de Lebrija, Santander]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leiva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Importancia de la hojarasca en el cultivo de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ International Symposium Cocoa Research]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Ministerio de Desarrollo Rural</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Reporte: Área, producción y rendimiento nacional por cultivo (cacao)]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Red de información y comunicación del sector Agropecuario Colombiano.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ngoran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zakra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ballo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kouamé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zapata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hofman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van Cleemput]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Litter decomposition of Acacia auriculiformis Cunn. Ex Benth. and Acacia mangium Willd. under coconut trees on quaternary sandy soils in Ivory Coast.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biology and Fertility of Soils]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>43</volume>
<page-range>102-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oelbermann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Voroney]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gordon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Carbon sequestration in tropical and temperate agroforestry systems: a review with examples from Costa Rica and southern Canada]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agriculture, Ecosystems &amp; Environment]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>104</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>359-77</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Owusu-Sekyere]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cobbina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wakatsuki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nutrient cycling in primary, secondary forests and cocoa plantation in the Ashanti Region, Ghana]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[West Africa Journal of Applied Ecology]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pabón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Herrera-Roa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sepúlveda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Caracterización socio-económica y productiva del cultivo de cacao en el departamento de Santander (Colombia)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Mexicana de Agronegocios]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<page-range>283-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Contribution of agroforestry trees to nutrient requirements of intercropped plants]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agroforestry Systems]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>105-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Petit-Aldana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rahman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Parraguirre-Lezama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Infante-Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero-Arenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Litter decomposition process in coffee agroforestry systems]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Forest and Environmental Science]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>121-39</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prause]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lifschitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toledo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dinámica de la mineralización de N, P, y K en hojas de Schinopsis balansae Engl. sobre un suelo forestal del Parque Chaqueño Húmedo]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Quebracho &#8211; Revista de Ciencias Forestales]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>46-52</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Pleguezuelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán-Zuazo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muriel-Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco-Tarifa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Descomposición de hojarasca y reciclado del nitrógeno de frutales tropicales y subtropicales en terrazas de cultivo en la costa de Granada (SE España)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Comunicata Scientiae Horticultural Journal]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>42-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez-Pleguezuelo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Franco-Tarifa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Francia-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gálvez-Ruíz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mamani-Pati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Tejero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durán-Zuazo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dinámica de las concentraciones de carbono y nitrógeno en la descomposición de hojarascas de cultivos subtropicales del sureste de España]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Ciencias Ambientales]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>175-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caicedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaimes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Biomass decomposition dynamic in agroforestry systems with Theobroma cacao L. in Rionegro, Santander (Colombia)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Agronomía Colombiana]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>182-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero-López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Aporte de biomasa y reciclaje de nutrientes en seis sistemas agroforestales de café (Coffea arabica var. Caturra), con tres niveles de manejo]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sangha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jalota]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Midmore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Litter production, decomposition and nutrient release in cleared and uncleared pasture systems of central Queensland, Australia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Tropical Ecology]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>177-89</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estudio de procesos ecológicos para el desarrollo sostenible del castaño (Castanea sativa Mill.) de la sierra de Francia]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Salamanca]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crespo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Factores bióticos y abióticos que influyen en la descomposición de la hojarasca de pastizales]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pastos y Forrajes]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>99-118</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sauvadet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freschet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Essobo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Enock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becquer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tixier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harmand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cocoa agroforest multifunctionality and soil fertility explained by shade tree litter traits]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Applied Ecology]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>476-87</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seneviratne]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van-Holm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. H. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kulasooriya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Quality of different mulch materials and their decomposition and N release under low moisture regimes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biology and Fertility of Soils]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<page-range>136-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torreta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Carbon and nitrogen dynamics of decomposing leaf litter in a tropical hill evergreen forest]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[European Journal of Soil Biology]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>57-63</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Triadiati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tjitrosemito.]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Litterfall production and leaf-litter decomposition at natural forest and cacao agroforestry in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Asian Journal of Biological Sciences]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>221-34</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Unigarro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Insuasty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chaves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manual de prácticas de laboratorios suelos generales]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<edition>1</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Nariño]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mineral nutrition of cocoa: A review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Advances in Agronomy]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>141</volume>
<page-range>185-270</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Elsevier]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bastos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lázaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Análisis económico del sector cacaotero en Norte de Santander, Colombia y a nivel internacional]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Investigación Desarrollo e Innovación]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>237-50</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Degradation of lignin and cellulose during foliar litter decomposition in an alpine forest river]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ecosphere]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zuluaga-Peláez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Dinámica de la materia orgánica del suelo en sistema agroforestales de café con Erythrina poeppigiana (Walpers) O.F. Cook en Costa Rica]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
