<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-1321</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Mesoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-1321</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-13212021000200599</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/am.v32i2.42487</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Gallinas Sex Link Negro y Rhode Island Red con acceso a pastoreo: productividad y comportamiento]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Sex Link Black and Rhode Island Red hens with access to grazing: Productivity and behavior]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz-Bermúdez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana Cruz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[WingChing-Jones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rodolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zamora-Sanabria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rebeca]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>599</fpage>
<lpage>618</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-13212021000200599&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-13212021000200599&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-13212021000200599&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Introducción. Conocer los indicadores productivos y de comportamiento de las aves permite optimizar el sistema en pastoreo. Objetivo. Describir rendimientos, manejo de las pasturas y comportamiento de gallinas Rhode Island Red (RIR) y Sex Link Negro (SLN) en un sistema de alojamiento en piso con acceso a pastoreo. Materiales y métodos. La investigación se realizó en Turrialba, Cartago, entre octubre 2016 y enero 2018, con 210 gallinas SLN y 180 RIR con una edad de 13 a 80 semanas. Se obtuvo el peso corporal, porcentaje de uniformidad, mortalidad, descarte y producción semanal, huevos por ave alojada, conversión alimenticia, consumo de alimento, comportamiento natural, peso y masa del huevo. Se describió el manejo de la pastura, disponibilidad de forraje, relación hoja/tallo y el comportamiento de las aves en los parques (apartos). Resultados. Se observaron menores rendimientos productivos de SLN y RIR al compararse con la línea genética Isa Brown, solamente el peso de huevo fue mayor para las gallinas RIR. Se observó desperdicio de alimento en ambos grupos de aves, la principal causa de muerte fue descarte de aves subordinadas, picaje y canibalismo. Los comportamientos observados fueron rascar, picotear y baños de arena. Al entrar las aves SLN y RIR en los parques, se registraron producciones de forraje de 5033 y 3460 kg MF ha-1, respectivamente. Se obtuvo una relación hoja/tallo &gt;1, lo que reflejó una mayor preferencia de las gallinas por las hojas al pastorear. Conclusión. En el sistema de alojamiento en piso con acceso a pastoreo, las aves evaluadas presentaron bajos rendimientos productivos, estrés por calor, pérdida de plumas por picaje, canibalismo y desperdicio de alimento. El sistema de producción con acceso a pastoreo en las condiciones estudiadas no fue adecuado para las gallinas empleadas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Introduction. Learning about the productive and behavior indicators of poultry allows optimizing the pasture access system. Objective. Describe performance, pasture management, and behavior of Rhode Island Red (RIR) and Sex Link Black (SLB) hens in a lodging system on a floor with pasture access. Materials and methods. The research took place in Turrialba, in the province of Cartago, between October 2016 and January 2018, with 210 SLB and 180 RIR hens, aged from 13 to 80 weeks. Body weight, uniformity, mortality, discard, and weekly production percentage, hen housed egg production, feed conversion, feed intake, natural behavior, egg weight and egg mass, were obtained. Pasture management in pasture areas, forage availability, leaf/stem ratio, and the behavior of the poultry in the parks were described. Results. Lower production performance of the SLB and RIR were observed when compared to the Isa Brown genetic line, only the weight of the egg was higher for the RIR hens. Food waste was observed in both groups of birds, the main cause of death was the discard of subordinate birds, pecking, and cannibalism. The most commonly observed behaviors were scratching, pecking, and sand baths. When SLB and RIR poultry entered the parks, fodder production of 5033 and 3460 kg MF GM ha-1 was recorded, respectively. A leaf/stem ratio of &gt;1 was obtained, which reflected a higher preference of the hens for the leaves when grazing. Conclusion. In the flat housing system with access to grazing, the assessed birds displayed low production performance, stress from the heat, loss of feathers due to pecking, cannibalism, and food waste. The production system with access to pasture under the conditions studied was not optimal for the hens used.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[picaje en gallinas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[rendimiento productivo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conversión alimenticia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[producción de huevo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[manejo de pasturas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hens pecking]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[productive performance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[feed conversion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[egg productions]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pasture management]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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