<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-1321</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Mesoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-1321</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-13212019000300631</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/am.v30i3.36184</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Patogenicidad y autodiseminación de cepas promisorias de hongos entomopatógenos sobre Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae)]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Pathogenicity and autodissemination of promising entomopathogenic fungi strains on Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[León-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo Adolfo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campos-Pinzón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arguelles-Cárdenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge Humberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>631</fpage>
<lpage>646</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-13212019000300631&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-13212019000300631&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-13212019000300631&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Introducción. En Latinoamérica, el picudo (Rhynchophorus palmarum L.) es plaga de importancia en palma de aceite y cocotero, porque se asocia con la transmisión de anillo rojo (AR) y la pudrición del cogollo (PC), enfermedades que causan altos costos de manejo y mortalidad de plantaciones; los entomopatógenos Metarhizium anisopliae y Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) representan una alternativa de control microbiológico. Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la patogenicidad de cepas promisorias de M. anisopliae y B. bassiana sobre adultos de R. palmarum, y evaluar la diseminación de las mejores cepas desde adultos machos del picudo inoculados hacia hembras sin inocular. Materiales y métodos. El estudio se desarrolló en dos fases en el Centro de Investigación La Libertad de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Departamento del Meta, Colombia, mediante arreglos factoriales en diseños completamente al azar; en la primera, se evaluaron cuatro cepas de M. anisopliae, una de B. bassiana y un producto comercial a base de M. anisopliae; en la segunda, para determinar la autodiseminación del entomopatógeno, se evaluaron las dos cepas de mayor eficacia del primer experimento (CPMa1104 y Mt008), mediante dos métodos de aplicación a machos (inmersión y polvo). Resultados. La cepa CPMa1104 mostró la mayor eficacia (1x104 y 1x108 conidias ml-1), seguida de la Mt008 (1x108 conidias ml-1), con mortalidades de 78,6 % y 67,9 %, respectivamente. Se observó capacidad de diseminación por contacto de M. anisopliae cepas CPMa1104 y Mt008, desde adultos machos inoculados hacia hembras sin inocular. La mortalidad de las hembras alcanzó 100 % cuando los machos fueron inoculados con la cepa CPMa1104 aplicada en polvo. Conclusión. Se comprobó la diseminación de las cepas CPMa1104 y Mt008 de M. anisopliae por machos inoculados hacia hembras sin inocular, lo cual convierte el uso de este entomopatógeno en una alternativa promisoria de control.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Introduction. In Latin America, the weevil (Rhynchophorus palmarum L.) is an important pest of oil palm and coconut palm because it is associated with the transmission of red ring (RRD) and bud rot (BR); diseases that cause high management costs and mortality of plantations; the entomopathogens Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) represent an microbiological control alternative. Objective. The objective of this work was to determine the pathogenicity of promising strains of M. anisopliae and B. bassiana on adults of R. palmarum and to evaluate the spread of the best strains, from inoculated weevil male adults to not-inoculated females. Materials and methods. The study was carried out in two phases in the La Libertad Research Center of the Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Department of Meta, Colombia through factorial arrangements in completely random designs; in the first one, four strains of M. anisopliae, one of B. bassiana, and one commercial product based on M. anisopliae were evaluated; in the second one, to determine the self-dissemination of the entomopathogen, the two highest effectiveness strains from the first experiment (CPMa1104 and Mt008) were evaluated by two methods of application to males (immersion and powder). Results. The CPMa1104 strain showed the highest efficacy (1x104 and 1x108 conidia ml-1), followed by Mt008 (1x108 conidia ml-1) with mortalities of 78.6 % and 67.9 %, respectively. Contact dissemination capacity of M. anisopliae strains CPMa1104 and Mt008 was observed from inoculated male adults to non-inoculate females. Female mortality reached 100 % when the males were inoculated with powdered CPMa1104. Conclusion. The dissemination of CPMa1104 and Mt008 strains of M. anisopliae by inoculated males to non-inoculated females was tested, which makes the use of this entomopathogen a promising control alternative.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[control biológico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[organismos patógenos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Elaeis guineensis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biological control]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pathogenic organisms]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Elaeis guineensis]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Agronet (Red de Información y Comunicación del Sector Agropecuario de Colombia)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Sistema de estadísticas agropecuarias]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[COL ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Agronet]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aldana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aldana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manejo del picudo Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá, COL ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aldana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aldana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Biología, hábitos y manejo de Rhynchophorus palmarum. Boletín técnico No. 23]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá, COL ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cenipalma, y Fedepalma]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aldana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aldana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moya]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manejo del picudo Rhynchophorus palmarum L. Coleoptera: Curculionidae]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bogotá, COL. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cenipalma]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Montes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bustillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patogenicidad de cepas de Metarhizium anisopliae (L.) y Beauveria bassiana sobre Rhynchophorus palmarum]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Palmas]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>15-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arrubla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Posada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adherencia de las esporas de Beauveria bassiana formuladas en polvo y líquido sobre la broca del café]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. U.D.C.A Actual. Divulg.]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>123-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bustillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bernal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benavides]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chave]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Dynamics of Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae infecting Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) populations emerging from fallen coffee berries]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[FL Entomol.]]></source>
<year>1999</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<page-range>491-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calvache]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mejía]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Acción de Metamasius hemipterus L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) en la transmisión del anillo rojo de la palma aceitera]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Palmas]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>17-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castrillón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Distribución de las especies de picudo del plátano y evaluación de entomopatógenos nativos en el departamento de Risaralda]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Manizales, COL. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CORPOICA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chinchilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El síndrome del anillo rojo-hoja pequeña en palma aceitera y cocotero]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[OPB-CB]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>113-36</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sacramento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Melo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rossi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Le-Coustour]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lummerzheim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lacerda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Motta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mass trapping and biological control of Rhynchophorus palmarum L.: A hypothesis based on morphological evidences]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[EntomoBrasilis]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>49-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dangon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Palma de aceite: compromiso con el progreso y la convivencia]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ Congreso Nacional de Cultivadores de Palma de Aceite]]></conf-name>
<conf-date>3 jun</conf-date>
<conf-loc>Cali, COL. </conf-loc>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[COL. ]]></publisher-loc>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Esteves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cedeño]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Susceptibilidad de Rhynchophorus palmarum (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) a cepas de hongos entomopatógeno]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Guácimo, CRI. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad EARTH]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faleiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A review of the issues and management of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Rhynchophoridae) in coconut and date palm during the last one hundred years]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>135-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>FAO</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Oportunidad para el coco de Centroamérica. Pronostican en Asia una crisis de producción de coco que podría abrir mercados para los productores centroamericanos]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[MEX ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CentroamericaData]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>FAOSTAT</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Cultivos]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Roma, ITA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FAO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>FEDEPALMA (Federación Nacional de Cultivadores de Palma de Aceite)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Desempeño del sector palmero colombiano. Julio de 2016.]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[COL. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FEDEPALMA]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Controle biológico do agente transmissor do nemátoide causador do anel-vermelho-do-coqueiro. Circular técnica 31]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[BRA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Embrapa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teodoro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negrisoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manejo integrado da broca-do-olho-do-coqueiro Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Comunicado Técnico 141.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[BRA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Docplayer]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="confpro">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Genty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manejo y control de plagas en palma africana]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<conf-name><![CDATA[ VI Seminario sobre problemas fitopatológicos de la palma africana]]></conf-name>
<conf-loc> </conf-loc>
<page-range>101-12</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[COL ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[IICA, BID, y PROCIANDINO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gindin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Levski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Glazer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soroker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluation of the entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium anisopliae (L.) and Beauveria bassiana against the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Phytoparasitica]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>34</volume>
<page-range>370-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Griffith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Red ring disease of coconut palm]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Plant Dis.]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<volume>71</volume>
<page-range>193-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Godonou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Green]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oduro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lomer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afreh-Nuamah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Field evaluation of selected formulation of Beuveria bassiana for the management of the banana weevil (Cosmopolites sordidus) on plantain (Musa spp.)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biocontrol Sci. Technol.]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>779-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González-Cárdenas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La agroindustria de la palma de aceite en América]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Palmas]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>Esp. II</volume>
<page-range>215-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Posada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bustillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Bioensayo para evaluar la patogenicidad de Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. Sobre la Broca del Café, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Colom. Entomol.]]></source>
<year>1993</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>123-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gopal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gupta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sathiamma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nair]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Microbial pathogens of the coconut pest Oryctes rhinoceros: influence of weather factors on their infectivity and study of their coincidental ecology in Kerala, India]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>417-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grueso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Betancourth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evaluación de erradicación del cocotero para el manejo del anillo rojo Bursaphelenchus cocophilus - Gualpa Rhyncophorus palmarum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) en Tumaco, Nariño]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Rev. Cienc. Agríc.]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hagley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The role of the palm weevil, Rhynchophorus palmarum, as a vector of red ring disease of coconuts. I. Results of preliminary investigations.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Econ. Entomol.]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<page-range>375-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kreutz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zimmermann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vaupel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Horizontal transmission of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana among the spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus (Col., Scolytidae) in the laboratory and under field condition]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biocontrol Sci. Technol.]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>837-48</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>MADR (Ministerio de Agricultura y Desarrollo Rural), ICA (Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario), y FEDEPALMA (Federación Nacional de Cultivadores de Palma de Aceite)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Ministerio de Agricultura, ICA y FEDEPALMA, lanzan campaña contra la pudrición del cogollo]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[COL ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[MADR]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Efecto de la aplicación de Metarhizium anisopliae (Hyphomycetes) y peremetrina sobre la densidad de adultos de Rhynchophorus palmarum (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) y palmas atacadas por Bursaphelenchus cocophilus (Tylenchidae) en campo]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[MEX ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Colima]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calvache]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Avila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diseminación de Radinaphelenchus cocophilus, agente causal del anillo rojo de la palma aceitera en San Carlos de Guaroa]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Palmas]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>15-27</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nájera-Rincón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crocker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.L..]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Velázquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Virulencia de Beauveria bassiana y Metarhizium anisopfiae, nativos del Occidente de Mexico, contra larvas de Phyllophaga crinita (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae) bajo condiciones de laboratorio]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Fitosanidad]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<page-range>33-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oehlschlager]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Optimizing trapping of palm weevils and beetles]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Hort.]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>736</volume>
<page-range>347-68</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pedrini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villaverde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuse]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dal-Bello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Juárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Beauveria bassiana infection alters colony development and defensive secretions of the beetles Tribolium castaneum and Ulomoides dermestoides (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Econ. Entomol.]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>103</volume>
<page-range>1094-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Picado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Palma aceitera como política de estado en Centroamérica. Grain.]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prior]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jollands]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The infectivity of Metarhizium anisopliae to two insects pests of coconuts]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Invertebr. Pathol.]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<volume>45</volume>
<page-range>187-94</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Prior]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jollands]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Le]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Infectivity of oil and water formulations of Beauveria bassiana (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes) to the coco weevil pest Pantorhytes plutus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J. Invertebr. Pathol.]]></source>
<year>1988</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<page-range>66-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>SAS Institute Inc.</collab>
<source><![CDATA[User&#8217;s guide version 9.4.]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cary, NC, USA. ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SAS Institute Inc.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teodoro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V.A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Negrisoli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guzzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Manejo integrado da broca-doolho-do-coqueiro Rhynchophorus palmarum L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Comunicado Técnico 141.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Aracaju, BRA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Embrapa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez-Núñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortez-Madrigal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transmisión horizontal de Beauveria bassiana en poblaciones controladas de Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: psyllidae)]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Entomol. Mex.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<page-range>338-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tinzaara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gold]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dicke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Van-Huis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nankinga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kagezi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G.H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ragama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The use of aggregation pheromone to enhance dissemination of Beauveria bassiana for the control of the banana weevil in Uganda]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biocontrol Sci. Technol.]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<page-range>111-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aldana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mesa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Patogenicidad de hongos entomopatógenos del género Metarhizium sobre larvas de Strategus aloeus L. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), en condiciones de laboratorio]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Palmas]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>30-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
