<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1659-1321</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Agronomía Mesoamericana]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Agron. Mesoam]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1659-1321</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Costa Rica]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1659-13212019000100010</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.15517/am.v30i1.33758</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Composición química y actividad antimicrobiana del aceite esencial de Psidium guajava y Cymbopogon citratus ]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Psidium guajava and Cymbopogon citratus]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bermúdez-Vásquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Granados-Chinchilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Molina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrea]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Costa Rica  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Costa Rica</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>30</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>147</fpage>
<lpage>163</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1659-13212019000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1659-13212019000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://www.scielo.sa.cr/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1659-13212019000100010&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Introducción. La resistencia de los microorganismos a los antibióticos es un problema creciente de salud pública, que puede afectar a los productores pecuarios al contar con menos opciones para tratar a los animales ante una posible infección. Los extractos de algunas plantas con actividad antimicrobiana podrían representar una alternativa al uso de antibióticos en producción pecuaria. Objetivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la composición química y la actividad antimicrobiana de los aceites esenciales de las hojas de guayaba (Psidium guajava L.) y de zacate de limón (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf), cultivadas en Costa Rica, y evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de P. guajava L. en harina de carne y hueso. Materiales y métodos. Esta investigación se desarrolló en el Centro de Investigación en Nutrición Animal (CINA) de la Universidad de Costa Rica entre marzo y octubre del 2016. Las hojas de P. guajava se recolectaron en las localidades de San Pedro y Escazú y las de C. citratus en Sarapiquí y Escazú, Costa Rica. La extracción de los aceites se realizó mediante hidrodestilación. La composición química se analizó mediante cromatografía de gases acoplado a un detector de espectrometría de masas. La capacidad antimicrobiana de los aceites esenciales se evaluó mediante la prueba de difusión en disco y el procedimiento de microdilución en placa de 96 pozos. Resultados. Los aceites esenciales de C. citratus y P. guajava presentaron actividad antimicrobiana contra las diez cepas bacterianas probadas, las bacterias gram positivas fueron las más sensibles a los mismos. El aceite de P. guajava procedente de Escazú, presentó mayor actividad antimicrobiana in vitro con respecto al proveniente de San Pedro y al aceite de C. citratus. El aceite de P. guajava eliminó Escherichia coli, que había sido previamente agregada a una matriz de harina de carne y hueso, pero no controló la colonización de la misma. Conclusión. Según los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación los aceites esenciales de zacate de Limón y de hoja de guayaba cultivadas en Costa Rica, presentan un efecto antimicrobiano contra bacterias relevantes para la inocuidad y la vida útil de alimentos para consumo animal, se requieren futuras investigaciones para evaluar su aplicabilidad en alimentación animal.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Introduction. The resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics is a public health problem that can affect livestock producers by having fewer options to treat animals in the event of a infection. Extracts of some plants with antimicrobial activity may represent an alternative to the use of antibiotics in livestock production. Objective. The objective of this work was to analyze the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) and lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) grown in Costa Rica and evaluate antimicrobial activity of P. guajava L. in meat and bone meal. Materials and methods. This research was developed at the Animal Nutrition Research Center (CINA) of the University of Costa Rica between March and October 2016. P. guajava leaves were collected from two different locations (San Pedro and Escazú) and those from C. citratus from the areas of Sarapiquí and Escazú. The extraction of the oils was done by hydrodistillation. The chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The antimicrobial capacity of the essential oils was evaluated by the disk diffusion test and the 96-well plate microdilution procedure. Results. The essential oils of C. citratus and P. guajava presented antimicrobial activity against the ten bacterial strains tested, being the gram positive bacteria the most sensitive to them. P. guajava oil from Escazú showed higher antimicrobial activity in vitro with respect to P. guajava oil from San Pedro and C. citratus oil. The oil of P. guajava had the ability to eliminate Escherichia coli that had previously been added to a matrix of meat and bone meal, but not to prevent colonization of it. Conclusion. According to the results of this research, the essential oils of lemon grass and guava leaf grown in Costa Rica, have an antimicrobial effect against bacteria relevant for feed safety and feed shelf life, future research is required to evaluate its applicability in animal feed.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[aceites esenciales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antimicrobianos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[guayaba]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[pasto Limón]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[piensos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[essential oils]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antimicrobial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[guava]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lemon grass]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[animal feed]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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